How to treat bladder cancer?

summary

There are many types of bladder tumors, including epithelial tumors and stromal tumors, while epithelial tumors include urothelial tumors, squamous epithelial tumors and glandular epithelial tumors. The biological characteristics of different tumors and their effects on the body are also different. How to treat bladder cancer? Let's talk about it

How to treat bladder cancer?

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT): This is internationally recognized as the standard operation for the treatment of superficial bladder tumor. Superficial tumor refers to the tumor with clinical stage of TA or T1. This kind of tumor is limited to the mucosa and submucosa, and does not invade the muscle layer. Therefore, the probability of lymphatic and blood metastasis is very low. The 5-year survival rate is more than 80%, and only 15% of the patients ultimately need other more active treatment.

Transurethral resection of bladder is also suitable for invasive bladder cancer, even 5cm tumor can be resected by transurethral resection. At the same time, the first transurethral resection of bladder tumor is also the most reliable method to determine the depth of invasion of bladder tumor. However, the accuracy of staging is still relative. For a specific pathology, different pathologists will get different staging conclusions.

Partial cystectomy: partial cystectomy has a history of more than 100 years, which was widely used before TURBT operation. This operation is simple, can preserve the bladder function, and is easy to be accepted by patients.

matters needing attention

It is also necessary to pay attention to the prohibition of spicy food, cholesterol control, high fat food and smoking. Bladder cancer is a common cancer in Hong Kong, with an average of about 500 new cases per year. Male patients are significantly more than female patients. Bladder cancer refers to the malignant overgrowth of cells in the bladder, that is, the mucous epithelium of the bladder.