What causes tetanus?

summary

Tetanus is a specific infection often associated with trauma. Various types and sizes of trauma may be contaminated, especially open fractures, wounds with rust, small and deep stab wounds, blind tube injuries, firearm injuries, which are more susceptible to Clostridium tetanus contamination. Hand and foot stab injuries are common in children. What causes tetanus? Next, I'd like to share my views with you.

What causes tetanus?

First, tetanus is a specific infection often associated with trauma. In addition to may occur in a variety of trauma, may also occur in unclean conditions of delivery of maternal and neonatal. The pathogen is Clostridium tetanus, which is anaerobic and gram positive.

Second: it usually exists in the intestines of human and livestock, and is excreted with feces. It is distributed in nature in the form of spores, especially in the soil. This bacterium has strong resistance to the environment and can endure boiling. The contamination rate of wound is very high, which can reach 25% - 80% in battlefield. However, the incidence rate of tetanus is only 1% to 2% of the polluters. It suggests that there must be other factors in the pathogenesis, and the main factor is the anoxic environment.

Third: during trauma, Clostridium tetanus can contaminate deep tissues (such as blind tube trauma, deep stab injury, etc.). If the external opening of the wound is small, there are necrotic tissue, blood clots in the wound, or the packing is too tight, local ischemia and so on, an anoxic environment suitable for the growth and reproduction of the bacteria will be formed. If there is aerobic bacteria infection at the same time, the latter will consume the residual oxygen in the wound, making the disease more prone to occur.

matters needing attention

1. Don't eat soy sauce, chicken, duck, spicy food, smoking, drinking, hair things, such as beef, bamboo shoots, betel nut, eat more light things. 2. Injecting tetanus toxoid as antigen to make human body produce antibody to achieve the purpose of immunity. Basic immunization with toxoid usually requires three injections. 5ml was injected subcutaneously for the first time, then 0.5ml was injected every 4-6 weeks, and 0.5ml was injected 6-12 months after the second injection. These three injections are called basal injection.