How to treat asphalt poisoning?
summary
How to treat asphalt poisoning? Poisoning caused by contact with asphalt. Among all kinds of pitch, coal tar pitch is the most toxic and natural pitch is the least toxic. In addition to colloid and asphaltene, asphalt also contains a small amount of anthracene, phenanthrene, pyridine and other light sensitive substances. Therefore, under the sunlight, the skin contacting asphalt can produce photosensitive dermatitis; The dust and volatile gas of asphalt can also stimulate human respiratory tract.
How to treat asphalt poisoning?
The asphalt poisoning should be evacuated from the asphalt site to avoid sunlight. The patients with dermatitis can take antihistamine drugs or intravenous injection of gluconic acid, calcium vitamin C and sodium thiosulfate, etc. the local treatment should be symptomatic according to the degree of skin lesions, such as dermatitis lotion. 5% sulfur calamine water powder or emulsion can be applied to the hair follicle damage. Pigmentation can be applied with 3% hydroquinone cream or 5% leucomercuric ointment. The vegetations can be removed without treatment or operation. The symptoms of the whole body, eyes, nose and throat can be treated appropriately.
The effect of acute poisoning is light perception. Light perception is due to the joint action of some substances and light irradiation on the human body, which can cause specific diseases. This pathogenic effect of light energy is called photosensitivity. The light sensitivity of asphalt mainly depends on the amount of acridine in asphalt. Coal tar pitch contains acridine, which has strong light sensing effect; It seems that acridine does not exist in petroleum asphalt, so its light sensing effect is very small.
Although the workers who often contact with asphalt have a small amount of contact, or there is no obvious poisoning phenomenon at the beginning, after a long time, due to the secondary effect of the poison, they will form chronic poisoning. Acne, nevus, folliculitis, scurf and abscess often appear on the skin of such workers (such as workers in tar workshop), or even cause keratosis, papilloma and upper skin cancer. The "skin tumor" caused by contact with asphalt is very slow and easy to be ignored, but this is the problem that should be paid attention to in the prevention of occupational diseases.
matters needing attention
For example, the exposed part of workers exposed to the sun's direct irradiation for several hours of asphalt (especially coal tar asphalt) work is contaminated with asphalt dust or smoke, which is easy to cause acute poisoning due to the effect of light perception. The general symptoms of acute poisoning are: acute erythema, dermatitis and ophthalmitis, or cause systemic symptoms (such as headache, nausea, burnout, rising body temperature, etc.). For example, in August 1951, when Shanghai workers were unloading the asphalt in the cabin, they took off more protective equipment because of the high temperature in the cabin. Exposure to the sun at work resulted in 38 poisoning accidents. Some of the poisoned workers have red and swollen eyes. Suffering from acute ophthalmitis, the face, neck, hands, legs and other exposed parts of the skin also show swelling, itching and burning sensation; In addition to suffering from severe dermatitis, there are thirst, nausea, and even collapse phenomenon.
