How does heart bypass operation do

summary

Now the pressure of life is very great. For office workers, they have to face a lot of work pressure, which leads to heart disease and needs bypass surgery. Let's talk about the practice of bypass surgery.

How does heart bypass operation do

First, the patient entered the operating room, moved to the operating table, anesthesiologists placed peripheral venous catheter for patients, placed arterial catheter for continuous monitoring of blood pressure. An induction anesthetic (usually propofol) is injected to make the patient unconscious. A few minutes later, an analgesic (usually fentanyl) is injected and a muscle relaxant is injected to relax the patient's muscles. Tracheal intubation, monitored by an anesthesiologist or assistant (e.g. respiratory therapist or nurse anesthesiologist), and ventilator activation. Sedative and analgesic drugs were injected slowly and continuously to maintain general anesthesia, and muscle relaxants were given continuously or intermittently.

Secondly, the anesthesiologist inserted the central venous catheter and the floating catheter when necessary to monitor the pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output. Surgeons open the chest through the middle line of sternum to see if the heart is really the same as the one photographed by surgery. There is still a difference between reality and photography. The internal mammary artery, radial artery and great saphenous vein are usually selected for bypass graft. When the selection is completed, the patient is given heparin to prevent blood coagulation. In the case of "off-pump" surgery, the surgeon places equipment to stabilize the heart. In the case of "off-pump" surgery, the surgeon first sutures the cannula at the heart and instructs the perfuser to start cardiopulmonary bypass. Once cardiopulmonary bypass is established, the surgeon places aortic forceps in the aorta and instructs the perfuser to inject cardioplegia (usually a special potassium mixture, cold) into the heart to stop the heart beat and slow down metabolism. Usually, the blood of patients undergoing extracorporeal mechanical circulation is cooled to about 84 ° f (29 ° C). One end of the bridge is sutured to the distal end of the coronary artery occlusion, and the other end is connected to the aorta.

Finally, the heart returns to beating; or in "off-pump" surgery, the equipment that stabilizes the heart is removed. In some cases, after a portion of the aorta is clamped by C-shaped forceps, the heart returns to beating, and the clamping site is at heart 11. Protamine was used to reverse the effect of heparin, to connect sternum, to close thoracic cavity, and patients were transferred to intensive care unit for recovery. After recovery and stabilization in the intensive care unit (about 1 day), the patient was transferred to the cardiac surgery unit until discharge (about 4 days).

matters needing attention

The intake of animal fat should be limited in the diet. Vegetable oil should be used in cooking, and cholesterol should be limited to less than 300 mg per day. Bean products are the first choice for lipid-lowering food. Don't do very tired physical labor, don't do strenuous exercise, sleep should pay attention to sleeping posture, don't sleep on your stomach.