What symptom does severe thalassemia have?

summary

The incidence rate of thalassemia is relatively low in China. But in recent years, the incidence rate of this disease is increasing because of various reasons. Therefore, we must pay more attention to the disease of thalassemia. What symptom does severe thalassemia have? Let's talk about it

What symptom does severe thalassemia have?

The disease can occur within a few days after birth, with anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, progressive aggravation, jaundice, and dysplasia. Its special manifestations include: large head, widened eye distance, saddle nose, forehead protrusion, and cheek protrusion. Its typical manifestations are buttock shaped head, and long bone fracture.

Bone changes are caused by hyperhematopoiesis, widened bone marrow and thinned cortex. A small number of patients have chest mass between ribs and spine, cholelithiasis and leg ulcer can also be seen. If they can survive to the sexual development stage, they can see delayed menstruation, dysplasia of secondary sexual characteristics, and often die of repeated infection.

In addition, the common complications include acute pericarditis, secondary hypersplenism (which can cause thrombocytopenia and leucopenia), and secondary hemochromatosis (which can cause damage to heart, liver, pancreas and endocrine glands, but can cause arrhythmia, conduction block, heart failure, diabetes, sexual dysfunction, etc.). Found in homozygotes β Thalassemia

matters needing attention

Pay attention to rest and nutrition, and actively prevent infection. Supplement folic acid and vitamin B12 appropriately. Blood transfusion is the main measure to treat this disease. It is better to input washed red blood cells to avoid transfusion reaction. The small amount infusion method is only suitable for the intermediate type α and β Poor land, not for heavy duty β The land is poor. For heavy duty β In order to make the growth and development of the children close to normal and prevent bone disease, we should start to give medium and high amount of blood transfusion in the early stage of thalassemia.