Hyperosmotic dehydration?

summary

Hypertonic dehydration refers to the simultaneous loss of water and sodium, but the lack of water is more than the lack of sodium, so the serum sodium is higher than the normal range, and the extracellular fluid is hypertonic. When the lack of water is more than the lack of sodium, the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid increases, the secretion of antidiuretic hormone increases, the reabsorption of water by renal tubules increases, and the urine volume decreases. Aldosterone secretion increased, sodium and water resorption increased to maintain blood volume. If the water shortage continues, the osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid will further increase, and the intracellular fluid will move out of the cell. Finally, the degree of intracellular water shortage will exceed that of extracellular fluid shortage, which will cause brain dysfunction.

Hyperosmotic dehydration?

According to the different symptoms, hypertonic water shortage is generally divided into three degrees: mild water shortage: in addition to thirst, there are no other symptoms, water shortage is 2% - 4% of body weight. Moderate water shortage: extremely thirsty, with fatigue, little urine, high specific gravity of urine, dry lips and tongue, poor elasticity of skin, sunken eyes, and frequent dryness. The water shortage is 4% - 6% of body weight.

Severe water shortage: in addition to the above symptoms, manic, hallucination, delirium, even coma and other brain dysfunction symptoms, water shortage is more than 6% of body weight.

In early or mild patients, because the decrease of blood volume is not obvious and the secretion of aldosterone is not increased, there is still sodium excretion in urine, and its concentration can be increased due to the increase of water reabsorption; In the late and severe cases, the decrease of urine sodium content may be caused by the decrease of blood volume and the increase of aldosterone secretion.

matters needing attention

Hypertonic dehydration dietotherapy (the following information is for reference only, the details need to consult the doctor): rice soup: production method: first boil a liter of boiling water, and then pour into a bowl of rice, and then boil for 5 ~ 10 minutes, until the water becomes paste. Pour the cooked rice soup into the container and add 1 tbsp sugar. Let cool to room temperature.