Symptoms of patent ductus arteriosus

summary

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the pathological state of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) which is not closed and continues to open after birth. The ductus arteriosus evolved from the distal end of the sixth pair of bronchial artery arches. During fetal circulation, it directs most of the right ventricular blood flow into the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta for oxygenation to the placenta. After birth, patent ductus arteriosus can exist as an independent lesion (it can exist alone), or coexist with other cardiovascular malformations, such as coarctation or interruption of aortic arch, severe aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome and pulmonary atresia, severe pulmonary artery stenosis or as a part of vascular ring.

Symptoms of patent ductus arteriosus

The sensitivity of this response is related to gestational age. The incidence rate of patent ductus arteriosus is very high in premature infants. About half of the premature infants below 1750g have patent ductus arteriosus, and the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus is about 80% in those whose weight is less than 1200g. The application of pulmonary surfactant can improve the symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome and reduce the pulmonary vascular resistance. The clinical symptoms usually begin to appear about 3-4 days after birth.

At first, a short and soft systolic murmur could be heard in the second intercostal space on the left edge of sternum. With the increase of left to right shunt, the pulsation of peripheral blood vessels increased, the pulsation of precordial area was active, and the murmur enhanced and extended to the diastolic phase. Typical continuous machine like noise is rare in older children. The second heart sound in pulmonary valve area was enhanced. The children who did not use the ventilator can show three concave sign, abdominal examination has liver enlargement.

Mild: infants or older children, small patent ductus arteriosus may not cause any symptoms, only in the routine physical examination accidentally found heart murmur to cause attention, growth and development is not affected. The first and second heart sounds were normal.

matters needing attention

The occurrence of CHD is a comprehensive result of many factors. In order to prevent the occurrence of CHD, we should carry out the propaganda and education of popular science knowledge, focus on monitoring the right age population, and give full play to the role of medical staff, pregnant women and their families.