What is the cause of angina pectoris

summary

Angina pectoris is a clinical syndrome characterized by paroxysmal chest pain or chest discomfort caused by coronary artery insufficiency, rapid myocardial ischemia and hypoxia. The pain is mainly located in the back of sternum, and can radiate to the precordial area and left upper limb. Labor or emotional excitement often occurs. Each attack lasts for 3-5 minutes, which can be several days or several times a day. It disappears after rest or nitrate preparation. What is the cause of angina pectoris.

What is the cause of angina pectoris

First, the direct cause of angina pectoris is myocardial insufficiency. The myocardial insufficiency is mainly due to coronary heart disease. Sometimes, other types of heart disease or uncontrolled high blood pressure can also cause angina. If the fat deposits in the blood vessels, it will form plaque. If the plaque occurs in the coronary artery, it will lead to its narrowing, further reducing its blood supply to the myocardium, forming coronary heart disease. The continuous deposition of fat in the coronary artery and the gradual formation of plaque is called coronary atherosclerosis. Some plaques are hard and stable, which will lead to the narrowing and hardening of the coronary artery itself. In addition, some plaques are soft and easy to break into blood clots.

Second, sudden crushing, stuffy or asphyxiating pain after the upper or middle part of the sternum may also affect most of the precordial area, and may radiate to the left shoulder and the anteromedial side of the left upper limb, reaching the ring finger and little finger. Occasionally, it may be accompanied by a sense of near death, often forcing the patient to stop activities immediately, and even sweating in severe cases. The pain lasted for 1-5 minutes, rarely more than 15 minutes; after rest or taking nitroglycerin, the pain disappeared within 1-2 minutes (rarely more than 5 minutes). Often in fatigue, emotional excitement (anger, anxiety, hyperactivity), cold, satiety, smoking occurs, anemia, tachycardia or shock can also be induced.

Third: acute myocardial infarction is similar to angina pectoris in pain location, but the nature is more severe, lasting for several hours, often accompanied by shock, arrhythmia and heart failure, and fever, which can not be relieved by nitroglycerin. In ECG, ST segment elevation and abnormal Q wave were found in the lead facing the infarct site. Laboratory examination showed that white blood cell count and serological examination showed that creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, myoglobin, myosin light chain increased, erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased.

matters needing attention

Angina pectoris is a kind of coronary heart disease, which is a group of clinical syndrome of precordial depression and discomfort caused by acute temporary ischemia and hypoxia caused by coronary artery insufficiency. The pain usually lasts for 3 to 5 minutes, no less than 1 minute, but no more than 15 minutes. The pain is located in the upper or middle part of the sternum, about the size of a palm, and can radiate to the left arm, left pinkie and left shoulder.