What are the symptoms of vascular dementia?

summary

Vascular dementia (VD) is a severe cognitive dysfunction syndrome caused by ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and cerebrovascular diseases that cause low perfusion of brain regions such as memory, cognition and behavior. The prevalence of VD in China is 1.1% to 3%, and the incidence rate is 5 to 9/1000 per year. What are the symptoms of vascular dementia? Let's talk about it

What are the symptoms of vascular dementia?

Multiple infarct dementia (MID) is a dementia syndrome caused by multiple cerebral infarction involving cerebral cortex or subcortical area, which is the most common type of VD. It is manifested as repeated and sudden stroke, cognitive dysfunction with stepwise aggravation and fluctuation of course, and corresponding symptoms and signs of vascular lesions involving cortex and subcortical area.

Watershed infarct dementia belongs to hypoperfusion vascular dementia. Imaging examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of this disease, including transcortical aphasia, memory loss, apraxia and visuospatial dysfunction. Hemorrhagic dementia is caused by intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thalamic hemorrhage is a common cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. Subdural hematoma can also lead to dementia, common in the elderly, some patients with cognitive impairment can appear slowly.

Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy presents a progressive and occult course, often with obvious signs of pseudobulbar paralysis, gait instability, urinary incontinence and pyramidal tract damage. Some patients may not have a clear history of stroke. Autosomal dominant cerebral artery disease with subcortical infarction and leukoencephalopathy is a hereditary vascular disease, which develops into vascular dementia in late stage.

matters needing attention

Vitamin E, vitamin C and Ginkgo biloba preparations may have some adjuvant effects; Donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, may be effective on VD; Brain activating agents such as piracetam and nicergoline can improve the symptoms.