How to take antiepileptic drugs

summary

How to take antiepileptic drugs? In the treatment of epileptic seizures, antiepileptic drugs have special significance. Antiepileptic drugs can eliminate or reduce epileptic seizures in two ways: one is to affect central neurons to prevent or reduce their pathological excessive discharge; the other is to increase the excitation threshold of normal brain tissue, weaken the spread of excitation of lesions, and prevent the recurrence of epilepsy. Now let's learn about antiepileptic drugs.

How to take antiepileptic drugs

Dilantin, phenoin sodium: features: strong effect; high curative effect; the first choice for major attack, followed by psychomotor attack, and also has good curative effect for limited attack, but it is ineffective or even worse for minor attack; No drowsiness effect; wide range of safety; slow effect, oral administration generally takes 3-4 days to be effective, used for the prevention of attack and maintenance treatment; Phenobarbital was the main symptom control agent.

Phenobarbital can inhibit the motor area of cerebral cortex, increase the convulsion threshold, directly inhibit the discharge of lesions, and limit the spread of discharge, so that the large seizure EEG can return to normal. It can be used as the first choice to control major attack, but it has poor effect on minor attack and psychomotor attack. Long term use can lead to addiction and stupidity, which is quite dangerous. The use of other drugs (such as lamotrigine, levetiracetam, topiramate, oxcarbamate, etc.) not only has a positive clinical effect, but also has small side effects, which is easily tolerated by patients.

Primidone, mysoline: transformed into phenobarbital and phenylethylmalondiamide (PEMA) in vivo, it has better curative effect on major attack, psychomotor attack and localized attack, but not as good as phenytoin sodium. Children have tolerance to it, so the dosage is large; the elimination in vivo is slow, long-term application has accumulation; the drug should not be stopped suddenly.

matters needing attention

1. In order to prevent the onset, we should gradually reduce the dosage of the original drug and increase the dosage of the new drug; 5. Persisting in long-term treatment can reduce the recurrence, generally in 1 ~ 2 years gradually reduced until withdrawal;