Principles of diet therapy for coronary heart disease

Update Date: Source: Network

summary

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is a kind of heart disease caused by coronary artery atherosclerotic lesion, which leads to vascular stenosis or occlusion, myocardial ischemia, hypoxia or necrosis. It is often called "coronary heart disease". Now let's take a look at the diet of coronary heart disease, to understand the principles of diet treatment of coronary heart disease.

Principles of diet therapy for coronary heart disease

How to choose food for patients with coronary heart disease when choosing food, patients with coronary heart disease should control the total calories, low fat, low cholesterol diet, and limit the intake of sucrose and sugary food. Advocate a light diet and eat more foods rich in vitamin C (such as fresh vegetables, fruits) and plant protein (beans and their products). Try to use vegetable oil as cooking oil.

Pay attention to choose some foods with lower fat and cholesterol content, more vitamins, food fiber, beneficial inorganic salts and trace elements, and with the function of reducing blood fat and anticoagulant. All kinds of Cereals, especially coarse grains. ② Bean products. ③ Vegetables, such as onion, garlic, broccoli, mung bean sprouts, lentils, etc. ④ Bacteria and algae, such as mushrooms, fungus, kelp, laver and so on. ⑤ All kinds of melons, fruits and tea. Appropriate food: 1. Lean meat, including lean pork, beef and poultry (peeled). ② Fish, including most river and sea fish. ③ Vegetable oils include soybean oil, corn oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, fish oil and olive oil. ④ Milk, including defatted milk and its products. ⑤ Eggs, including egg white and whole eggs (2-3 per week).

Attention should be paid to the environmental care of the patients. A good environment can make the patients happy, increase their appetite and promote their recovery. In addition, the indoor air should be fresh, the temperature and humidity should be appropriate, the light should be sufficient, and the cleaning agent should be used; attention should be paid to the sleep care of patients. The disease is more frequent at night, so it is necessary to strengthen night inspection and closely observe the changes of pulse, respiration, blood pressure, complexion and lips. In case of any abnormality, report to the doctor immediately. Warm water can be used to wash feet before going to bed to eliminate fatigue, do not work at night, develop regular sleep; pay attention to the prevention and nursing of constipation. Elderly patients are prone to constipation, especially in elderly patients with heart disease. This is closely related to the patient's medication, lying position, physiological and psychological factors. If the patient is bedridden for a long time, eating less, digestive dysfunction, easy to cause constipation. There are also patients who are not used to using the toilet, and produce a kind of action when defecating forcefully. Holding breath after deep inspiration can induce arrhythmia, especially when defecating in patients with myocardial infarction, forceful defecation can promote heart rupture. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the nursing of patients with constipation. The general principles are propaganda and guidance, support and assistance, and psychological and physiological nursing for patients. We can start from medication, changing eating habits, overcoming and eliminating psychological factors.

matters needing attention

Eat less or avoid food: ① animal fat, such as lard, butter, mutton oil, chicken oil, etc. Eat less or avoid food: 2 fat, including pigs, cattle, sheep and other fat. Eat less or avoid food: ③ brain, bone marrow, viscera, egg yolk, roe. Eat less or avoid food: 4. Molluscs and shellfish. Eat less or avoid food: 5. Sugar, wine, tobacco, chocolate, etc.