Clinical symptoms of snakebite?

summary

The cause of the disease after snakebite is that the venom secreted by the venom gland is mainly composed of proteins, polypeptides and a variety of enzymes. Snake venom can be divided into neurotoxin and hematotoxin. The former is harmful to the central nervous system, peripheral nerve and neuromuscular conduction function, which can cause convulsion, paralysis and respiratory paralysis; The latter causes damage to cardiovascular and blood system, causing arrhythmia, circulatory failure, hemolysis and bleeding. It is mainly found in rural areas and mountainous areas in southern China, with more cases in summer and autumn.

Clinical symptoms of snakebite?

After being bitten by a poisonous snake, the speed and severity of the patient's symptoms are obviously related to the type of poisonous snake, the dose and nature of the snake venom. Of course, the location of the bite, the depth of the wound and the patient's resistance also have a certain impact. When the poisonous snake injures people actively in the state of starvation, the amount of detoxification is large and the consequences are serious.

Neurotoxic injury: local numbness, loss of consciousness, or only slight itching. After about half an hour of injury, he felt dizzy, drowsy, nausea, vomiting and fatigue. Severe dysphagia, hoarseness, aphasia, blepharoptosis and diplopia occurred. Finally, dyspnea, hypotension and shock may occur, resulting in hypoxia, cyanosis and general paralysis. If the rescue is not timely, respiratory and circulatory failure will finally appear, and the patient may die quickly. Neurotoxicity is absorbed quickly, dangerous and often neglected because of its mild local symptoms. The first to second day of injury is the dangerous period. Once the period is over, the symptoms will be improved quickly, and no sequelae will be left after cure.

The manifestations of blood poisoning injury: the local part of the bite swelled rapidly, and continued to develop to the proximal side, with severe pain and bleeding. The skin around the wound is often accompanied by blisters or blood bubbles, subcutaneous ecchymosis and tissue necrosis. Severe systemic bleeding, such as subconjunctival blood stasis, epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis and hematuria. Individual patients will also have thoracic, abdominal and intracranial hemorrhage, eventually leading to hemorrhagic shock. The patient had head and tail, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, joint pain and high fever. Because the symptoms appear earlier, the general treatment is more timely, so the mortality rate can be lower than that of patients with neurotoxic injury. However, due to the acute onset, the course of disease is longer, so the risk period is longer, and the consequences are serious if the treatment is too late. Local and visceral sequelae often remain after cure.

matters needing attention

The symptoms of mixed poison injury include neurotoxin and hematotoxin. From the local wound, it is similar to blood poisoning, such as local swelling, ecchymosis, blood bubble, tissue necrosis and lymphadenitis. From the whole body, it is similar to neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity was still the main cause of death.