How is infantile icterus to return a responsibility?
summary
In medicine, jaundice of a baby less than 28 days old is called neonatal jaundice. If the patient feels unwell, he should go to the hospital immediately for diagnosis and treatment. Neonatal jaundice refers to a disease characterized by skin, mucous membrane and sclera jaundice due to abnormal bilirubin metabolism during the neonatal period, The disease can be divided into physiological and pathological. Today, let me learn from you how infant jaundice is going on?.
How is infantile icterus to return a responsibility?
First: physiological jaundice neonatal physiological jaundice is a unique phenomenon in the neonatal period, because the fetus in the intrauterine hypoxia environment, the red blood cells in the blood generated too much, and this kind of red blood cells are not mature, easy to be destroyed, after the birth of the fetus, resulting in excessive bilirubin, about twice as much as adults; On the other hand, neonatal liver function is not mature, so that bilirubin metabolism is limited and other reasons, resulting in neonatal jaundice phenomenon in a period of time. The physiological jaundice of term infants begins on the 2nd-3rd day. At this time, the skin is light yellow, the sclera (white eyes) is mainly blue, and the urine is slightly yellow but does not stain the diaper. The jaundice is the most yellow on the 4TH-5TH day. The term infants subside on the 10th-14th day. The liver function is normal and the serum unconjugated bilirubin increases. The physiological jaundice of premature infants will appear earlier, higher and last for a long time, which can be delayed to subside in 3-4 weeks. Although have jaundice, but the child does not have what unwell, general condition is good. Physiological jaundice is a normal physiological phenomenon and does not need treatment.
Second: breast milk jaundice is called breast milk jaundice, which is a special type of pathological jaundice. A small number of breast-feeding newborns, the degree of jaundice than normal physiological jaundice, the reason is not very clear. Its jaundice characteristic is: after the physiological jaundice peak, the jaundice continues to aggravate, if continues to lactate, the jaundice continues under the high level condition for a period of time only then slowly drops, if stops lactation 48 hours, the jaundice obviously drops, if again lactation, the jaundice rises. Because pregnant diol hormone is contained in breast milk, it can inhibit the activity of glucuronidase in the liver of newborns, resulting in the bilirubin in the blood can not be metabolized and excreted in time, so the concentration of bilirubin in the blood increases, resulting in neonatal skin and sclera yellowing. Breast milk jaundice, generally will not affect the health of children, there is no fever and poor appetite symptoms. If the mother's milk is stopped in time, the jaundice will weaken in 2-4 days and disappear in 6-10 days. For breast milk jaundice, generally will not cause damage to the nervous system. For breast milk jaundice also need not panic, stop breast milk can be temporarily replaced by milk, after jaundice improved can continue to use breast-feeding.
Third: hemolytic jaundice the most common cause of hemolytic jaundice is ABO hemolysis, which is caused by the blood group incompatibility between the mother and the fetus. The most common cause of hemolytic jaundice is that the mother's blood group is O and the fetus's blood group is a or B; Others, such as maternal blood group A, fetal blood group B or AB; Maternal blood group B and fetal blood group A or AB are rare, and jaundice is mild. It is reported that the incidence rate of ABO blood group incompatibility hemolytic disease is 11. 9%。 Neonatal hemolytic jaundice is characterized by jaundice within 24 hours after birth, and gradually aggravated. Early blood exchange therapy can be carried out, if it is a slight symptom caused by ABO blood group, as long as the use of light therapy.
matters needing attention
(1) Fetal jaundice often affects the fetus due to the invasion of dampness and heat of the pregnant mother, resulting in fetal jaundice after birth. Therefore, during pregnancy, the pregnant mother should pay attention to diet, but eat raw and cold, but hunger and satiety, and avoid alcohol and spicy products, in order to prevent damage to the spleen and stomach. (2) if a woman has ever given birth to a baby with fetal jaundice, she should take preventive measures and take traditional Chinese medicine on time. (3) after birth, the scleral jaundice of infants should be closely observed, and the jaundice should be treated as soon as possible, and the color change of jaundice should be observed to understand the advance and retreat of jaundice. (4) pay attention to observe the systemic symptoms of infants with fetal yellow, such as mental depression, drowsiness, sucking difficulty, restlessness, binocular strabismus, limb rigidity or convulsion, so as to find out and deal with the severe cases as soon as possible. (5) closely observe the changes of heart rate, heart sound, anemia degree and liver size, and early prevent and treat heart failure. (6) pay attention to protect the baby's skin, umbilicus and buttocks from damage and infection. (7) when the exchange transfusion therapy is needed, the air in the ward should be disinfected in time, the blood and all kinds of drugs and articles should be prepared, and the operation procedures should be strict.
