Symptoms and treatment of rheumatism
summary
Rheumatism is a group of diseases mainly involving joints, bones, muscles, blood vessels and related soft tissues or connective tissues, most of which are autoimmune diseases. Most of the cases are hidden and slow, the course of disease is long, and most of them have genetic tendency. The diagnosis and treatment are difficult; Different autoantibodies can be detected in blood, which may be related to different HLA subtypes; It has good short-term or long-term remission response to non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. Symptoms and treatment of rheumatism? Let's talk about it
Symptoms and treatment of rheumatism
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): the main functions of these drugs are antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing inflammatory reaction and pain. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) was the earliest, and it is still an effective drug for the treatment of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatoid arthritis. Later, a variety of salicylic acid drugs were produced, including ibuprofen, diclofenac, indomethacin, piroxicam, naproxen and so on. However, the pharmacokinetics and adverse reactions of various drugs are different, mainly for gastrointestinal, kidney, liver and blood system. When using, we must pay attention to the dosage, usage, side effects and so on.
Adrenocortical hormone: mainly refers to glucocorticoid, because this kind of drug has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, has a strong and rapid elimination of inflammation and inflammatory reaction brought about by various symptoms, such as fever, joint swelling and pain. Therefore, it is often used as the first-line medicine for various rheumatic diseases. In clinical application, there are short acting, medium acting and long acting preparations. There are oral, intramuscular or intra-articular injection, intravenous injection, according to the type of disease, the disease for different choices. But because it is not a radical medicine, long-term and large-scale use can induce infection, osteoporosis, femoral head necrosis, diabetes, peptic ulcer, hypertension, mental disorders, etc; If the drug is stopped too quickly, it is easy to cause rebound phenomenon, so we should pay attention to adjust the type and dosage of drugs according to the disease type and condition. In addition to severe patients, in principle, small dose, short course of treatment is appropriate.
Anti rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are also known as slow acting anti rheumatic drugs. Such drugs include many kinds of drugs with different structures and different functions. Their common feature is that they have a slow onset and a certain cumulative effect. Therefore, after drug withdrawal, the effect disappears slowly and can still be maintained for a period of time. They have no direct anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, but they can play anti-inflammatory and immune or immunosuppressive effects through different mechanisms. Therefore, it can also improve joint swelling, pain, stiffness and relieve systemic symptoms, reduce acute phase reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate. If used for a long time, it can also improve other immune indexes, such as RF, Ana, etc. Some of them can improve the radiology. DMARDs include antimalarial drugs chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, penicillamine, gold preparation, cyclosporine A and leflunomide.
matters needing attention
Keep a normal mental state. Clinical patients have confirmed that mental stimulation, excessive sadness and depression are also one of the important factors inducing the disease. After suffering from the disease, emotional fluctuations often aggravate the disease. Therefore, maintaining a normal psychological state plays an important role in maintaining the normal immune function of the body.
