Knee ligament wear symptoms?

summary

The knee joint is the largest flexion joint in the whole body, and its shape also determines that it is not a very stable joint, so the ligament structure of the knee joint plays a great role in maintaining the normal function and stability of the knee joint. Although the knee joint is a flexion joint, it can also make slight grinding and rotation when flexing. The main function of knee joint is to load, transfer load, participate in sports, and provide couple for leg activities. The knee joint is not as flexible as the hip joint, mainly for flexion and extension movement, but because it is located in the middle of the lower limb, between the two largest lever arms of the body, it bears a greater force, which is easy to cause sprain and fracture. Especially in sports, ligament and meniscus injuries are the most common.

Knee ligament wear symptoms?

Meniscus injury is common in many sports, especially in contact sports. It is also common in daily activities and work, and usually combined with other ligament injuries. It is easy to damage the medial meniscus when the leg rotates relative to the femur; The lateral meniscus is easy to be damaged when relative femoral internal rotation. Meniscus injury is also easy to occur when the knee joint is over flexed, over extended or when the femur and tibia are directly impacted. In foreign countries, medial meniscus injury is 5 times of lateral meniscus injury, while lateral meniscus injury is more common in China.

The medial collateral ligament is divided into two layers with no obvious gap. The superficial layer begins near the adductor tubercle and ends at the medial side of the upper tibia; The deep layer starts from the medial epicondyle and ends at the medial side of the upper tibia and the edge of the joint, forming a part of the joint capsule and connecting with the medial meniscus. Medial collateral ligament injury results from lateral violence, leg abduction and external rotation or thigh adduction and internal rotation.

Lateral collateral ligament injury is rare. It is mainly caused by the internal force or other reasons of the knee joint varus injury. It is often accompanied by the injury of ganglion bursa, gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, hamstring muscle, and even common peroneal nerve.

matters needing attention

Physical examination: ligament relaxation test includes anteroposterior test of cruciate ligament, varus test of lateral collateral ligament and special test of complex or rotational instability. Commonly used are front and back drawer test, inside out test, etc.