What is down syndrome

summary

A friend gave birth to a child not long ago, but the child can't grow well. There are some deformities. Later, he knew that he had Down's syndrome. What's Down's syndrome?

What is down syndrome

First of all, Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21 syndrome, is a disease caused by chromosomal abnormalities (one more chromosome 21). 60% of the patients had abortion in the early intrauterine period. The survivors had obvious mental retardation, special face, growth and development disorder and multiple malformations.

Secondly, the child has obvious special facial signs, such as wide eye distance, low and flat nasal root, small eye fissure, oblique lateral eye, epicanthus, small outer ear, fat tongue, often extending out of the mouth, salivation. Short stature, less than normal head circumference, short anterior and posterior head diameter, flat occipital head. The neck is short and the skin is loose. Bone age often lags behind age, and tooth emergence is delayed and often dislocated. The hair is soft and thin. The anterior fontanel was closed late, and the third fontanel could be found in the midline of parietooccipital. The limbs are short. Due to the loose ligaments, the joints can be excessively bent. The fingers are thick and short. The middle segment bone of the little finger is dysplasia, which makes the little finger bend inward. The phalanges are short. The trigeminal point of the palm moves to the distal end. It is common to pass through the palmprint and the grass shoe foot. About half of the children have bow shaped dermatoglyphs at the bulb of the big toe.

Finally, children with Down's syndrome will have feeding difficulties, and there will be congenital heart disease, some will appear deformity, and the child's immune function is particularly low, prone to various infections, the incidence of leukemia is 10-30 times higher than the general. If they survive to adulthood, they often appear after 30 years old.

matters needing attention

Children with Down's syndrome should be prevented during pregnancy, especially after pregnancy. It is also the best preventive method to effectively prevent this situation.