What symptom can hyperkalemia cause?

summary

5 mmol / L is hyperkalemia, 7.0 mmol / L is severe hyperkalemia. Cardiac arrest caused by hyperkalemia often has no or few symptoms should be detected and prevented as soon as possible. What symptom can hyperkalemia cause? Let's talk about it

What symptom can hyperkalemia cause?

The main clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia are cardiovascular system and neuromuscular system. The severity of the symptoms depends on the degree and speed of the increase of serum potassium, and whether there are other disorders of plasma electrolyte and water metabolism.

High potassium can depress the heart muscle and reduce its tension, so it has bradycardia and heart enlargement, heart sounds weaken, arrhythmia easily occurs, but heart failure does not occur. ECG has characteristic changes, and it is related to the degree of serum potassium. When the serum potassium was more than 5.5mmol/l, the ECG showed that the Q-T interval was shortened, the T wave height was symmetrical, and the base was narrow and tent shaped; When serum potassium was 7-8 mmol / L, P wave amplitude decreased, P-R interval prolonged, and P wave disappeared. This may be due to sinus node block or sinus arrest, or "sinus ventricular" conduction (the sinus node transmits to the ventricle through special fiber bundle in the atrium without normal conduction system in the atrium); When serum potassium increased to 9-10 mmol / L, the conduction was more slow, the QRS wave widened, the R wave amplitude decreased, the S wave deepened, and the T wave was connected and fused in a straight line; When serum potassium was 11 mmol / L, QRS wave, ST segment and T wave fused into biphasic tortuous waveform. At 12 mmol / L, part of the myocardium was first excited and recovered, and the other part was not depolarized. At this time, it is easy to cause reentry movement and cause ventricular ectopic rhythm, which is manifested as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation, and finally cardiac arrest in diastole.

Hyperkalemia causes increased release of acetylcholine, which can cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Due to the toxic effect of high potassium on muscles, it can cause quadriplegia and respiratory arrest. All hyperkalemia have different degrees of azotemia and metabolic acidosis, the latter can aggravate hyperkalemia.

matters needing attention

1. Vegetables can be soaked in hot water or boiled water to remove the soup before eating. Fruits can be soaked in warm water and peeled before eating. Frozen meat can be taken out for thawing and boiled water for cooking. 2. It is forbidden or cautious to use drugs with high potassium content, such as some traditional Chinese medicine, penicillin potassium salt, potassium chloride, etc. 3. Don't increase the intensity of your muscles. 4. Prevent constipation to increase the elimination of toxins. Exercise properly every day and increase the amount of exercise according to your ability. Develop a good habit of defecation, the best frequency is twice a day. 5. Patients with dialysis twice a week should routinely take sodium bicarbonate tablets according to the doctor's advice. 6. Blood potassium was monitored regularly.