Principles of diet for renal insufficiency

summary

Diet is the source of nutrients for the body, and it is an indispensable condition to maintain human growth and development. Improper diet is one of the pathogenic factors, so a reasonable and moderate diet can improve health and accelerate the recovery of disease. According to the characteristics of patients with kidney disease, we should pay attention to the following aspects in diet conditioning of renal insufficiency

Principles of diet for renal insufficiency

Protein intake for patients with chronic renal insufficiency needs to limit the protein intake, which can reduce the nitrogen retention in the blood, reduce the burden on the kidney, and delay the process of chronic renal failure. It is generally recommended to take 0.4-0.6g/kg protein per day For body weight, we should choose high-quality protein, such as egg, milk, lean meat and other animal protein, which contains more essential amino acids, and less nitrogen-containing substances produced after decomposition in the body. Plant protein, such as soybean products, corn, flour, rice and so on, contains less essential amino acids, more non essential amino acids, and has low biological potency. Therefore, it is called "low quality protein", which should be appropriately limited.

Salt intake, if there is no edema or hypertension in patients with kidney disease, it is not necessary to limit salt. It can enter 10 grams of salt daily with normal people. * the limit of salt intake is mainly for patients with edema and hypertension, because salt can not be restricted by heavy sodium retention, which makes edema difficult to dissipate and cause blood pressure to rise. In general, the daily control of salt in 2-3 grams, urine less, blood potassium increased should limit potassium intake.

If there is no less urine and edema in patients with kidney disease, it is not necessary to control the water intake. Patients with edema should master the water intake mainly according to the urine volume and the degree of edema. Generally speaking, if the edema is obvious, in addition to eating, the water intake should be limited to 500-800ml / day. After suffering from urinary tract infection, in order to avoid and reduce bacteria in the urinary tract stay and reproduction, patients should drink more water, frequent urination, in order to achieve the purpose of frequent irrigation of bladder and urethra.

matters needing attention

Patients should avoid spicy food and sea fishy hair, such as goose, rooster, pig head meat, hairtail, yellow croaker, etc., avoid fried food, quit smoking and alcohol, those with obvious edema should eat more radish, wax gourd, watermelon, black bean, Luffa, etc., those with hematuria should eat lotus root, Imperata root, peanut, eggplant; those with hypertension should eat celery, spinach, fungus, bean sprouts, corn, etc.