How much is pneumonic bullous excision?
summary
Pulmonary bullae refer to emphysematous alveoli with a diameter of more than 1cm in the lung parenchyma. They often occur on the basis of emphysema, accompanied by various types of emphysema. The mechanism is similar to that of emphysema, but the degree is severe. So let's share how much is the next bulla resection?.
How much is pneumonic bullous excision?
First, how much to pay for the removal of pulmonary bullae depends on the patient's condition. Pulmonary bullae are caused by the high expansion of alveoli, rupture of alveolar walls and mutual fusion. They are generally caused by the valvular obstruction of bronchioles. The formation mechanism of pulmonary bullae is the same as that of emphysema, but the degree is relatively severe. Emphysema occurs in the lung parenchyma with the diameter of more than 1cm. It is often accompanied by different lung diseases, such as chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma, advanced silicosis or sarcoidosis, and some bullae are found in patients without lung and bronchial diseases. Pulmonary bullae secondary to pneumonia or pulmonary abscess are more common in infants, with single or multiple. Because of inflammatory lesions, small bronchial mucosa edema, resulting in partial obstruction of the lumen, resulting in valve effect, the air can enter the alveoli and is not easy to discharge, the pressure in the alveoli increases, and the alveolar septum gradually ruptures due to the increased pressure in the alveoli, resulting in the formation of a huge gasbag containing cavity, which is called pulmonary bullae clinically.
Second, because of the size of pulmonary bullae, the original lung lesions and complications of different clinical manifestations are not the same. Patients with small bullae have no obvious symptoms, and patients with simple bullae often have no symptoms. Some bullae of the lung can remain unchanged for many years, some bullae of the lung can increase gradually, and the chest percussion has excessive echo, the breath sound is weakened or even disappeared. The enlargement of pulmonary bullae or the appearance of new pulmonary bullae in other parts can lead to the dysfunction of pulmonary function and the gradual emergence of symptoms. Giant pulmonary bullae can make patients feel chest tightness and shortness of breath. Sudden enlargement and rupture of pulmonary bullae can produce spontaneous pneumothorax with corresponding signs, severe dyspnea and chest pain similar to angina pectoris.
Third: chest X-ray examination is the best way to diagnose pulmonary bullae. Pulmonary bullae at the apex of the lung are thin and transparent cavities located at the edge of the lung field, which can be round, oval or flat rectangle with different sizes. Sometimes, transverse septa can be seen in larger pulmonary bullae. Multiple pulmonary bullae can be polyhedral together. In general, it is not directly connected with the larger bronchus, there is no liquid level, and the bronchial contrast agent cannot enter. The bullae at the bottom of the lung are often not easy to see on the chest X-ray. Some of them can be completely below the diaphragmatic top level, while some of them are only partially above the diaphragmatic top. If the bullae wall does not show a coherent ring-shaped shadow, it is easy to be mistaken for tentorial top pleural adhesion. Giant pulmonary bullae generally have tension, and there may be a layer of compressive atelectasis around them, which makes the bullae wall appear thicker, and the one close to the chest wall may not be clear. When the nearby lung was pushed, it caused partial atelectasis, lung texture convergence, and decreased transparency. Pulmonary bullae can fuse with each other to form a large pulmonary bullae, similar to localized pneumothorax. Pulmonary bullae can also rupture and produce localized pneumothorax.
matters needing attention
To prevent complications, respiratory care is particularly important: low flow continuous oxygen inhalation should be given after operation, deep breathing should be encouraged, and turn over and pat the back once every 2 hours; Do a good job of psychological nursing to avoid refusing cough and expectoration due to pain or worry about tube falling off; Patients should learn the correct method of expectoration, such as: hold your breath after deep inspiration, cough several times gently, cough the sputum to the throat, press the chest at the same time, and finally cough the sputum with force; If the sputum is viscous, drink more water to dilute the sputum, so as to facilitate the discharge of sputum.
