What is the cause of oral cancer

summary

Oral cancer is a kind of chronic pathological process. Before it enters the typical or obvious cancer lesions, it needs to go through the precancerous process of oral mucosa for several years or even more than ten years. It is more common in the superficial parts of the oral cavity, which is conducive to the direct examination of doctors and patients themselves, so as to facilitate early diagnosis and timely prevention and treatment. At present, oral medical circles believe that oral leukoplakia, oral erythema, lichen planus and submucosal fibrous hyperplasia should be regarded as oral precancerous lesions. The prevalence of oral leukoplakia is the highest, and the possibility of canceration is also higher. What's the cause of oral cancer.

What is the cause of oral cancer

First, most patients with oral cancer who have long-term habit of smoking and drinking have long-term history of smoking and drinking, while oral cancer is rare in non-smokers and non drinkers. In 1982, 234 cases of buccal mucosa cancer were treated in Trivandrum cancer center, India. 98% of them had a history of chewing tobacco and smoking. In some parts of the world, such as Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Malaysia and other places, the residents have the habit of chewing betel nut or "Nath". Chewing areca and other mixtures can cause the incidence rate of oral cancer to increase. Keller data showed that the incidence rate of oral cancer among smokers who did not drink or drink or not was 2.43 times and 2.33 times higher than those who did not smoke or drink. The incidence rate of smoking and alcohol addiction was 15.5 times that of non smokers and non drinkers. Alcohol itself has not been proved to be carcinogenic, but it can promote cancer. Alcohol may be used as a solvent for carcinogens and promote carcinogens to enter oral mucosa.

Second, poor oral hygiene and bad oral hygiene habits create conditions for bacteria or molds to breed and reproduce in the oral cavity, which is conducive to the formation of nitrosamines and their precursors. In addition to stomatitis, some cells are in a proliferative state and are more sensitive to carcinogens, which may promote the occurrence of oral cancer.

Third, some people think that malnutrition is related to the lack of vitamin A, because vitamin A can maintain the normal structure and function of the epithelium. Vitamin A deficiency can cause oral mucosa epithelium thickening and hyperkeratosis, which is related to the occurrence of oral cancer. Demographic studies show that the incidence rate of oral cancer is low in countries with low vitamin A intake. Vitamin C deficiency has not been reported to be associated with oral cancer. Some people think that it is related to insufficient intake of trace elements, such as low iron content in food. The deficiency of total protein and animal protein intake may be related to oral cancer. Zinc is an indispensable element for the growth of animal tissues. Zinc deficiency may lead to mucosal epithelial damage and create favorable conditions for the occurrence of oral cancer.

matters needing attention

The incidence rate of lip cancer and skin cancer is higher in outdoor workers exposed to sunlight for a long time. Ionizing radiation can cause the change of genetic material DNA, activate tumor gene and lead to canceration. Both r-ray and X-ray can cause cancer. In Guangdong Province, due to the wide application of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the risk of secondary primary carcinoma in any part of the oral cavity in the radiation area has increased.