How to treat ureteral calculi

summary

Patients with ureteral calculi feel very painful, because the urine volume can not be discharged at all, and sometimes there will be edema. Now I will share my experience with you and teach you how to do it.

How to treat ureteral calculi

First: mechanical lithotripsy: its principle is to crush the stone through the pressure of mechanical lever. For bladder stones less than 2cm in diameter, the method of clamp lithotripsy can be considered. There are two methods: one is direct vision lithotripsy, using visual lithotripsy forceps to insert into the bladder, filling the bladder, carefully see the stones, using lithotripsy forceps to clamp the stones and then crush them, after repeated lithotripsy until all the stones can be washed out, and then use the washing bottle to flush out the stones. The other is blind lithotripsy. According to the size of bladder stones, appropriate lithotripsy forceps were selected, and the bladder was inserted through urethra when the mouth of forceps was closed.

Second: electrohydraulic lithotripsy: the principle of electrohydraulic lithotripsy is to conduct the lithotripsy through the strong water impulse formed by the instantaneous discharge of the electrode placed in the water. During the operation, the electrode was inserted through the working channel until its end was about LCM beyond the scope, so as to avoid damaging the scope. The blasting point is selected in the middle of the stone, the distance between the electrode and the stone is about 1-2mm, and the bladder is filled with distilled water. Generally, the bladder is half filled, and the volume is about 50-150ml. When everything is ready, you can step on the pedal to discharge, about 10 OS each time, and the stone can be smashed until it can be washed out. During the operation, you must pay attention to avoid the direct contact between the probe and the bladder mucosa, so as to avoid serious damage and perforation of the bladder.

Third: ultrasonic lithotripsy: through the working channel, the crushed stone is gently pressed against the stone for lithotripsy. Because there is continuous flushing fluid injection during lithotripsy, and the crushed stone can be sucked out by negative pressure, so the operation field can be kept clear. However, the efficiency of ultrasonic lithotripsy is low. When the stone is large, the operation time will be longer. In order to save time, we can first use ultrasonic lithotripsy to break large stones into small stones, and then use mechanical lithotripsy under direct vision.

matters needing attention

The patient must not be able to do strenuous exercise within a week after the operation, which is not good for the bladder. If you find bleeding in the middle, you must go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.