The treatment of aortic aneurysm?

summary

Pathological dilation of the aorta, which is more than 50% of the diameter of the normal vessel, is called aortic aneurysm. Aortic aneurysm is divided into true aneurysm and false aneurysm. True aneurysms are three-layer structures with widened blood vessels and vascular walls. Pseudoaneurysm is a local rupture of the artery, which is formed by blood clot or adjacent tissue. So what is the treatment of aortic aneurysm?

The treatment of aortic aneurysm?

Methods 1. Surgical treatment, including aneurysmectomy and artificial or allogeneic vascular transplantation, can be performed for aneurysms that can not be removed. At present, the operative mortality of abdominal aortic aneurysm is less than 5%, but it can be more than 25% if the patient is too old and has heart, brain, kidney or other visceral damage. The operative mortality of thoracic aortic aneurysm is 30%, and aortic arch aneurysm is the most dangerous. The ruptured or near ruptured aneurysms should be operated immediately. All patients with bacterial aneurysms should be treated with long-term antibiotics. Aortic aneurysms with the size of 6cm or more or 4cm or more should be treated by selective surgery. The aortic aneurysms between 4 cm and 6 cm can be observed closely, and those with signs of enlargement or near rupture should be operated immediately.

Methods two indications of non-surgical treatment for aortic aneurysm: non surgical treatment can be used if the diameter of aneurysm is less than 5cm or it is not suitable for operation for some reason. The main points of non-surgical treatment for aortic aneurysm include: proper rest (including bed rest); Analgesic and sedative drugs were used; Available antihypertensive drugs and β Receptor blockers can maintain the systolic blood pressure at 100-120mmhg to prevent tumor rupture and bleeding, and relieve or eliminate pain at the same time.

Methods three at present, there are mainly two kinds of surgical treatment methods: (1) open surgery, i.e. laparotomy or thoracotomy, resection of aneurysms and catheterization of artificial blood vessels, is the traditional treatment method. Surgical trauma, high risk, the corresponding requirements for the physical conditions of patients are also higher（ 2) Endovascular repair was performed by artery puncture or small incision, covered stent was implanted in aorta to isolate aneurysm cavity and reconstruct blood flow path in situ. Because there is no need for thoracotomy and laparotomy, it has the advantages of small trauma and quick recovery.

matters needing attention

Aortic aneurysm should be closely observed, antihypertensive drugs should be used to control blood pressure in an appropriate range, sedative drugs and drugs to reduce cardiac contractility should be used to make the patient rest and avoid further development of the disease. For patients with cardiac insufficiency, cardiotonic drugs can be used. If the patient's condition develops progressively, the operation should be carried out in time.