Gestational diabetes symptoms?

summary

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common diseases in pregnancy. Obesity increases the risk of GDM. The incidence rate of gestational diabetes mellitus in China has increased to more than 10%, and there is probably a "sugar mother" in every 10 pregnant women. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is not only harmful to pregnant women themselves, but also has an impact on fetal health. For example, hyperglycemia in early pregnancy can cause abnormal fetal development (fetal malformation, growth restriction, premature birth, etc.). Gestational diabetes symptoms? Let's talk about it.

Gestational diabetes symptoms?

1. More than three and less: more food, more urine, more drink, weight loss, more food: a large amount of urine sugar, the loss of sugar leads to the lack of energy in the human body, in a state of hunger, which leads to high appetite and increased appetite. In addition, the rise of blood glucose will stimulate insulin secretion, making patients more prone to hunger. Even eat five or six meals a day, but still can not find the "full" feeling. Polyuria: patients are often accompanied by elevated blood glucose, sugar can not be fully utilized, glomerular filtration can not be completely reabsorbed by renal tubules, resulting in osmotic diuresis, polyuria. The higher the blood sugar, the more urine sugar and the more urine volume. Polydipsia: polyuria will be accompanied by water loss, causing dehydration in cells, thus stimulating the thirsty center, resulting in dry mouth and polydipsia, resulting in the increase of drinking frequency and quantity. At this time, the human body is in urgent need of water supplement. Weight loss: due to the lack of insulin, the human body can not make full use of glucose for energy supply, but rely on accelerating the decomposition of fat and protein to supplement energy and heat, resulting in a large amount of consumption of fat and protein in the body, coupled with the loss of water, expectant mothers often suffer from weight loss, emaciation, fatigue and mental dispirition.

2. The symptoms of gestational diabetes mellitus and hyperemesis gravidarum should not be confused with the general pregnancy reaction. Sometimes the vomiting of gestational diabetes is hyperemesis, that is, severe nausea. If vomit aggravates, even can cause dehydration and electrolyte disorder.

3. Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus are prone to fungal infection, especially vulva infection. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus have decreased bacterial resistance, and vulva is a relatively weak place in the human body. If patients do not pay attention to daily cleaning, and often use their hands to grasp, it is easy to cause vulva pruritus. Severe cases may also lead to vulvar skin allergy or dermatitis.

matters needing attention

In addition, the intake of salt should be controlled at 5-6 grams per person per day, and the intake of edible oil should be controlled at about 25 grams per person per day. In particular, we should remind pregnant women who need to eat fast food at noon due to work or other reasons, because the amount of cooking oil in fast food is relatively large, especially foreign fast food, it is easy to make people eat too much fat, and even cause gastrointestinal dysfunction. Don't eat too much fruit, because fruit contains a lot of minerals and vitamins, there are many kinds of sugar, if sugar, glucose, sucrose, etc., can produce a lot of heat. In modern pregnant women, the supply of three meals a day can make the body full of energy. In this case, too much sugar will be metabolized into neutral fat and stored in the body. Intake enough green leafy vegetables, supplement enough vitamins and minerals, increase dietary fiber, relieve constipation. Drinking more water can increase blood volume and accelerate the excretion of harmful substances. 2. Moderate exercise data show that 1 / 3 of gestational diabetes can be controlled by diet control and proper exercise. Increasing the amount of exercise can also improve the effect of intervention. The doctor reminded that pregnant women's exercise should not only be limited to easy walking, but also can often do some exercises such as pregnant women's exercise. In addition, appropriately increasing some upper limb exercise can also effectively improve the metabolism of pregnant women. 3. Pay attention to the amount of food, control the amount of food, mainly limited rice, noodles, potato food, daily in 5-6 Liang. Don't eat foods with high sugar content. Excessive consumption of foods with high sugar content can lead to high blood sugar, aggravate diabetes or produce huge babies. 4. Reasonable meal allocation is very important to keep the blood glucose level stable and avoid ketosis. Because eating a large amount of food at a time will cause rapid rise of blood sugar, and it is easy to produce ketone body after fasting for too long, it is recommended to eat a small amount of food, divide the food you should eat into 5-6 meals, and it is best to eat 8 minutes per meal. Especially to avoid dinner and the next day breakfast time is too long, so before going to bed to add snacks. 5. Control the intake of lipids and saturated fatty acids. Cooking oil is mainly vegetable oil, and eat less fried, fried, pastry and skin, fat and other food.