Symptoms of hand foot mouth disease

summary

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enterovirus. There are more than 20 enteroviruses (types) causing HFMD, among which coxsackievirus a16 (Cox a16) and enterovirus 71 (EV 71) are the most common. Most of the cases occurred in children under 5 years old, with mouth pain, anorexia, low fever, small herpes or small ulcer in hands, feet, mouth and other parts. Most of the cases healed within a week, while a few cases could cause complications such as myocarditis, pulmonary edema and aseptic meningoencephalitis. A few severe cases developed rapidly, leading to death. At present, there is a lack of effective drugs, mainly symptomatic treatment. Hand foot mouth disease symptom picture? Let's talk about it

Symptoms of hand foot mouth disease

Acute onset, fever, stomachache, anorexia, oral mucosa scattered herpes or ulcer, located in the tongue, buccal mucosa and hard forehead, etc., can also affect the soft palate, gums, tonsils and pharynx. Macular papules appear on hands, feet, buttocks, arms and legs, and then turn into herpes. There may be inflammatory erythema around the herpes, and there is less liquid in the blisters. There are many on the hand and foot, and on the back of the palm. The number of rashes is few, and dozens. There is no trace and pigmentation after fading. Some cases showed only rash or herpangina. Most patients were cured within one week, and the prognosis was good. In some cases, the appearance of rash is not typical, such as single site or only macular papule.

A few cases (especially those less than 3 years old) progress rapidly. Meningitis, encephalitis (especially brainstem encephalitis), encephalomyelitis, pulmonary edema, circulatory disorders and so on appear about 1-5 days after the onset of the disease. A few cases are critically ill and may cause death, and the surviving cases may have sequelae.

Nervous system manifestations complicated with central nervous system diseases: poor spirit, drowsiness, easy to panic, headache, vomiting, delirium and even coma; Limb shaking, myoclonus, nystagmus, ataxia, ocular dyskinesia; Weakness or acute flaccid paralysis; convulsions. Physical examination showed meningeal stimulation sign, tendon reflex weakened or disappeared, and Pap sign was positive. Central nervous system symptoms were common in children under 2 years old.

matters needing attention

1) First of all, children should be isolated, contacts should pay attention to disinfection and isolation, to avoid cross infection（ 2) Symptomatic treatment, good oral care（ 3) Clothes and bedding should be clean, comfortable and soft, and should be changed frequently（ 4) Cut your baby's nails short and wrap your baby's hands when necessary to prevent skin rash. (5) if you have skin rash on your buttocks, you should clean your stool at any time to keep your buttocks clean and dry（ 6) Can take antiviral drugs and Chinese herbal medicine, supplement vitamin B, C, etc.