What does disseminated intravascular coagulation look like?

summary

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not an independent disease, but an important intermediate process in the development of many diseases. It is characterized by activation of intravascular coagulation, microcirculation thrombosis, massive consumption of coagulation factors and platelets, resulting in a large number of secondary fibrinolytic enzyme production, clinical bleeding, organ dysfunction, thrombocytopenia Microvascular disease hemolysis and shock and other symptoms. Let's share my experience with you.

What does disseminated intravascular coagulation look like?

The main symptoms and signs of DIC are related to the primary disease. It should be emphasized that DIC is a dynamic development process, and there are great differences in clinical manifestations in different stages of disease development. According to the different state of coagulation and fibrinolysis system, it can be divided into three stages.

Microvascular embolism: the symptoms are different due to different involved blood vessels. Hemorrhagic necrosis or gangrene of fingers and toes can be seen in the skin; Renal involvement can cause hematuria, oliguria, urinary incontinence, tubular necrosis and acute renal failure; Pulmonary microvascular involvement may lead to respiratory insufficiency, and acute type I respiratory failure is more common; Brain involvement can cause cerebral hypoxia, edema, clinical sleepiness, convulsion and even coma.

Shock: it is an early symptom of DIC, which is difficult to explain with primary disease, and the effect of anti shock therapy is poor. The main reasons are as follows: (1) the formation of microthrombosis can reduce the amount of return blood and cardiac output; ② During DIC, factor Ⅻ is activated to produce kallikrein. Bradykinin dilates arterioles, exudates plasma and decreases circulating blood volume; ③ The blood volume was further reduced by bleeding caused by low coagulation state; ④ Blood concentration increased the plasma viscosity; ⑤ Fibrin peptide a (FPA) and fibrin peptide B (FPB) released during fibrinolysis can cause small vessel spasm and aggravate shock.

matters needing attention

Should be light, eat more fruits and vegetables, reasonable diet, pay attention to adequate nutrition. Avoid alcohol and tobacco, avoid spicy. Avoid greasy, avoid alcohol and tobacco. Avoid cold and raw food. It is very important to treat the primary disease actively. To eliminate the cause and inducement is the most important measure to stop intravascular coagulation, such as actively and effectively controlling infection and clearing abscess as soon as possible.