What symptom does carcinoid have

summary

Due to the current living and working environment, many office workers are sitting in front of the computer every day, which can easily lead to carcinoid, also known as argentaffinoma, which originates from gastrointestinal argyrophil cells; tumors originated from neuroendocrine cells can produce amines and peptides, belonging to APUD cells Decarboxylation system. Carcinoid is a kind of low-grade malignant tumor with slow growth and relatively good prognosis. Because of its hormone secreting function, carcinoid syndrome may appear in some cases. Carcinoid can occur in all parts of the body, including digestive tract, respiratory tract, mediastinum, liver, kidney, ovary, endocrine gland, breast and pancreas. Carcinoid syndrome mainly comes from intestinal carcinoid. When liver metastasis occurs, it occasionally occurs in pancreatic islet cell carcinoma and gastric cancer. Excessive secretion of bioactive substances mainly composed of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) causes skin flushing, diarrhea, asthma and heart valve disease.

What symptom does carcinoid have

First: skin intermittent flushing mainly occurs in the face, neck and chest and other exposed parts, but also throughout the body. It is intermittent and can occur suddenly, showing bright red or purple, lasting for several minutes to 1-2 days. If the skin is flushed for several years, there will be a fixed skin change at the site of frequent attack, showing most of the small blood vessels dilation and slight purplish red. Buccal, nasal, upper lip and mandible, attack often accompanied by other symptoms: such as tachycardia, hypotension and gastrointestinal, lung symptoms. The predisposing factors included drinking, some food, pain, mood swings and physical activity. Drugs such as adrenaline, noradrenaline and catecholamine can cause seizures, and α - adrenergic blockers can prevent flushing.

Second, the main pulmonary symptoms are asthma and dyspnea, which occur in 20% - 30% of patients, similar to bronchial asthma. Asthma can occur simultaneously with skin flushing. Anesthesia or adrenaline can induce or aggravate asthma. Asthma is caused by spasm of smooth muscle caused by 5-HT and other substances.

Third: gastrointestinal symptoms: abdominal pain, abdominal distension and diarrhea are more common, with different degrees. Diarrhea is urine like, up to 10-20 times a day. Abdominal pain or colic can be accompanied before diarrhea. Diarrhea and skin flushing may not occur at the same time, but are caused by 5-HT. The application of 5-HT antagonists such as methylergometrine, methylergide and parachlorphenylain can prevent diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and malabsorption. When the carcinoid has huge liver metastasis, there may be persistent or paroxysmal right upper abdominal pain, radiation to the right shoulder and back and fever, which is related to the large tumor volume, liver capsule involvement and relative ischemia, necrosis or bleeding.

matters needing attention

Due to the catabolism of tumor and severe diarrhea, emaciation, cachexia and hypoproteinemia may occur. Some hormone hyperfunction may appear, such as insulin, growth hormone, parathyroid hormone, gonadotropin and corticotropin. 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in the urine of patients with carcinoid syndrome was higher than 50 mg / 24 h urine (2-9 mg / 24 h urine in normal people).