How is thalassemia caused

summary

Thalassemia, also known as marine anemia, is a hereditary hemolytic anemia. The disease has a common feature, that is, the human globin gene defect makes the synthesis of globin peptide chain in the patient's hemoglobin decrease or cannot be synthesized, which leads to the disease. After the onset of the patient's hemoglobin composition will change, symptoms can be light or heavy, mostly for the performance of chronic hemolytic anemia. In some countries along the Mediterranean coast, the disease is more common. Let's take a look at the following.

How is thalassemia caused

First: the cause of thalassemia is genetic, so what is the way of genetic disease? Generally speaking, the disease is mainly caused by the deletion or mutation of globin gene. There are four kinds of globin peptide chains in human body, one of which can lead to thalassemia.

Second: take β - thalassemia as an example. This kind of thalassemia is caused by the deletion or mutation of the β part of the patient's gene. After the gene mutation or deletion, the patient's β gene will be completely inhibited. At this time, there is no way to normally synthesize the peptide chain required for globin, resulting in the failure of globin synthesis and pathogenesis.

Third: the deletion or mutation of globin gene can make the body of patients unable to normally synthesize the peptide chain required by globin, which can change the hemoglobin composition of patients. According to the specific location of gene deletion, thalassemia can be divided into four types: α, β, δ β and δ.

matters needing attention

If it is severe thalassemia, the patient's four globin genes may be missing or defective, which is not common. If it occurs, it will lead to hypoxia in the body tissue, and the child will have systemic edema until death.