What is Kala Azar

summary

Kala Azar is a kind of disease transmitted by insects, and it is very difficult to treat and painful after illness. I would like to share the relevant knowledge of kala Azar with you.

What is Kala Azar

First of all, Kala Azar, also known as visceral leishmaniasis, is a chronic endemic disease caused by Leishmania donovani. It used to be popular in the area north of the Yangtze River. The source of infection is the patient and the sick dog (Lepidoptera), which is transmitted by sandflies.

Then may to August is the active season of sandflies every year. When the sandflies suck the blood of the patients, protozoa will enter the sandflies and develop into flagellates. Seven days later, when the sandflies bite the human body again, they will inject flagellates. At this time, they will be infected with Kala Azar immediately. Protozoa mainly parasitized in the blood, liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes of patients.

Finally, when the infected sandfly bites, it injects the Promastigotes into the subcutaneous tissue. A small part of the Promastigotes is damaged by neutrophils, and a large part of them is engulfed by macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system, where they reproduce and proliferate. With the blood flow to the whole body, the macrophages are destroyed, and then engulfed by other monocyte macrophages. This leads to a large number of monocyte macrophages proliferation in the body, especially in the liver and spleen Bone marrow and lymph nodes were mainly damaged. Cell proliferation and secondary obstructive hyperemia are the basic causes of hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Due to the decrease of granulocytes and immunocompetent cells, the body's immune function is low, which easily leads to secondary infection of kala Azar. Due to the continuous proliferation of reticuloendothelial system, a large number of plasma cells increased, resulting in the increase of plasma globulin, coupled with liver damage, decreased synthesis of albumin, resulting in the inversion of plasma white globulin ratio.

matters needing attention

People with Kala Azar should pay attention to sun protection when they go out in life, and do not eat irritating food, do not go to crowded places, strengthen skin and oral care, maintain unobstructed stool, high protein diet, pay attention to low-fat diet, low cholesterol diet.