Symptoms of pregnant women with transfusion syndrome?

summary

Fetal maternal blood transfusion syndrome is a rare obstetric disease. Fetal red blood cells enter the maternal blood circulation from the placental villous space, causing varying degrees of fetal blood loss anemia. Massive blood transfusion can cause severe fetal anemia, intrauterine hypoxia, and even stillbirth. Due to the occult onset and lack of specific diagnostic criteria during pregnancy, early diagnosis is difficult and easy to be missed. In particular, a large number of fetal and maternal blood transfusion can lead to long-term neurological sequelae in survivors. Symptoms of pregnant women with transfusion syndrome? Let's talk about it

Symptoms of pregnant women with transfusion syndrome?

Severe anemia, bradycardia, heart failure, shock and pale skin can not be explained by pallor asphyxia. The manifestations of pregnancy included reduction or disappearance of fetal movement, fetal edema and abnormal fetal heart rate monitoring, low baseline fetal heart rate, reduced fine variation, no acceleration during fetal movement, and late deceleration or typical sinusoidal curve.

Decreased fetal movement may be an early sign, while fetal edema is a late manifestation. The first symptom of this case is decreased fetal movement. Abnormal fetal heart rate monitoring pattern shows decreased fetal movement. Fetal heart rate monitoring is an important means to screen fetal mother blood transfusion syndrome. For all unexplained fetal death, fetal distress, decreased fetal movement, non immune fetal edema, neonatal shock, non hemolytic neonatal anemia, sinusoidal and other abnormal fetal heart rate monitoring, routine maternal blood transfusion examination should be carried out, early detection and early treatment may improve the prognosis.

The late stage of fetal maternal transfusion syndrome is characterized by triad: decrease or disappearance of fetal movement; There was a sinusoidal curve (SHR) in fetal heart rate monitoring, the baseline variation of fetal heart rate decreased and the late deceleration occurred; B ultrasound can find fetal edema, liver enlargement, fetal distress, systemic edema and fetal growth restriction (FGR).

matters needing attention

The etiology of fetal maternal transfusion syndrome is still unclear, and early diagnosis is difficult. Blood alpha fetoprotein test is a common method in clinical diagnosis of fetal and maternal blood transfusion. The increase of maternal serum alpha fetoprotein level is related to the integrity of placental barrier.