Etiology of chronic rhinitis

summary

Chronic rhinitis is chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa and submucosa. Its main characteristics are inflammation lasting for more than three months or repeated attacks, protracted, intermittent period can not return to normal, and no clear pathogenic microorganisms, accompanied by varying degrees of nasal congestion, increased secretion, nasal mucosa swelling or thickening and other obstacles. Let's talk about the etiology of chronic rhinitis.

Etiology of chronic rhinitis

First: systemic factors (1) chronic rhinitis is often the local manifestation of some systemic diseases, such as anemia, tuberculosis, diabetes, rheumatism, acute infectious diseases and chronic heart, liver and kidney diseases, which can cause long-term congestion or reflexive congestion of nasal mucosa. (2) Malnutrition, such as vitamin A and C deficiency, can lead to hypertrophy of nasal mucosa and gland degeneration. (3) Endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism, can cause nasal mucosal edema; congestion and swelling can occur in puberty, menstruation and pregnancy, and a few can cause nasal mucosal hypertrophy. (4) Smoking and alcohol addiction or long-term fatigue can lead to dysfunction of nasal mucosa vasomotor. (5) Immune dysfunction, such as autoimmune diseases, AIDS, vasculitis, cystic fibrosis and long-term use of immunosuppressants in organ transplantation or tumor patients.

Second: local factors (1) recurrent acute rhinitis or incomplete treatment, nasal mucosa did not return to normal, and evolved into chronic rhinitis. (2) Chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, or the influence of nearby infection focus, such as chronic tonsillitis, adenoid hypertrophy, etc., nasal mucosa is stimulated by purulent secretion for a long time, which promotes the occurrence of chronic rhinitis. (3) Nasal septum deviation, nasal stenosis, foreign bodies and tumors hinder nasal ventilation and drainage, which makes pathogens easy to survive locally and cause repeated inflammation. (4) The influence of improper nasal medication or systemic medication, such as long-term infusion of vasoconstrictor caused dysfunction of nasal mucosa, vasodilation, mucosal swelling.

Third: occupational and environmental factors. Long term inhalation of various kinds of dust, such as coal, rock, cement, flour and lime, can damage the ciliary function of nasal mucosa. Various chemicals and irritant gases (such as sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde and ethanol) can cause chronic rhinitis. In addition, the rapid changes of temperature and humidity in the environment can also lead to the disease.

matters needing attention

We should pay attention to the daily work and rest, diet, and proper exercise.