What are the sequelae of brainstem encephalitis?

summary

Brainstem encephalitis, we must pay attention to when drug treatment, refers to the inflammation occurred in the brainstem, etiology and pathogenesis are not clear, may be virus infection or inflammatory demyelination. The clinical features include: frequent history of prodromal infection, acute or subacute onset, mainly manifested as multi cranial nerve damage, ataxia, long bundle sign and disturbance of consciousness. There are few reports in children, and brainstem encephalitis characterized by cardiovascular manifestations is more rare. So what are the sequelae of brainstem encephalitis? What about it?

What are the sequelae of brainstem encephalitis?

First, the severity of brainstem encephalitis varies greatly. The symptoms of mild encephalitis are the same as those of any viral infection: headache, fever, weakness and loss of appetite. The more serious symptoms of brainstem encephalitis are that the brain function is obviously affected, resulting in irritability, restlessness and drowsiness. The most serious symptoms are muscle weakness in the arms or legs, difficulty in double vision (diplopia) and hearing. In some cases, drowsiness will turn into coma.

Second: mild brainstem encephalitis is very common, even undetected. But about one in a thousand measles cases causes mild brainstem encephalitis. The degree of harm depends on the age of the patient and the type of infection that causes brainstem encephalitis.

Third: brainstem encephalitis can be fatal in infants and the elderly, but it can be completely recovered in people of other ages, sometimes after a long period of serious illness. Although brainstem encephalitis may cause permanent brain damage, the percentage of serious consequences is not high.

matters needing attention

1. Prevention of infection: reduce the predisposing factors of infection, patients with dysphagia, given nasal feeding, due to patients with brainstem encephalitis, brainstem encephalitis resistance is low, and do not eat through the mouth, prone to oral infection, daily with normal saline and 0.1% acetic acid alternating oral care. Keep the indoor air fresh and sunny, disinfect with UV once a day, wipe the bed unit articles and the ground with disinfectant, keep the patient's skin clean and dry. 2. Nursing during ventilator assisted breathing: (1) closely observe vital signs and mechanical ventilation, auscultate lungs every 2 hours and make detailed records. Observe whether the breathing is synchronized with the ventilator. When the ventilator alarms, find out the cause immediately and eliminate it in time（ 2) Ensure that the pipe of the ventilator circuit is unobstructed, disinfect every day, and dump the water in the collecting bottle in time to prevent the bacterial reproduction caused by its countercurrent（ 3) In order to ensure no obstruction, normal saline, chymotrypsin and dexamethasone were dripped into the airway regularly to humidify the airway. It is also conducive to diluting sputum, easy to be sucked out and reducing pulmonary complications（ 4) Ultrasonic atomization inhalation 6 times a day, encourage independent cough, help pat the back, use postural drainage and other methods to make the sputum smoothly discharged.