How can alimentary canal bleed?

summary

According to the anatomical structure, the digestive tract is divided into upper digestive tract and lower digestive tract. Generally, after upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the blood enters the digestive tract and is digested, because the blood is rich in various plasma proteins. If the amount of bleeding is high, because the protein metabolism is enhanced, it will naturally lead to blood ammonia. Here is a note, that is, the amount of bleeding to a certain extent in order to find a significant increase in blood ammonia. In addition, general patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, in addition to elevated blood ammonia, but also accompanied by the phenomenon of melena. If bleeding, patients will have dizziness, white lips, cyanosis and other manifestations. General clinical treatment of large amount of gastrointestinal bleeding, from the following aspects.

How can alimentary canal bleed?

General treatment: general treatment requires patients to rest in bed, closely observe the patient's look and limb skin temperature, in addition to time to record blood pressure, pulse, central venous pressure and other values. Keep the patient's respiratory tract unobstructed, so as to avoid the occurrence of asphyxia caused by hematemesis. A large number of bleeding should be fasting, a small amount of bleeding can be appropriate into the fluid. If the patient has fever in the course of treatment, antibiotics are generally not needed.

Replenishing blood volume: clinically, because of bleeding, it leads to the reduction of blood volume, severe shock and so on. So we should pay attention to the supplement of blood volume. When hemoglobin < 9g / dl, systolic blood pressure < 90mmHg, blood volume should be replenished immediately. During blood transfusion, we should be alert to some special patients, such as gastrointestinal bleeding caused by liver cirrhosis. Blood transfusion should be slow and the amount should not be too large. In short, it is necessary to avoid some adverse reactions during blood transfusion.

Hemostatic treatment of massive hemorrhage in upper digestive tract: (1) intragastric cooling, through multiple lavage of the stomach, reduce the temperature of the stomach, so as to achieve the purpose of hemostasis. In addition, cooling can inhibit the activity of plasmin, and also play the role of hemostasis（ 2) Oral hemostatic agent, clinical gastrointestinal bleeding is generally mucosal lesions bleeding, the use of vasoconstrictor can make bleeding arterioles strong contraction, to achieve the purpose of hemostasis（ 3) It can inhibit gastric acid secretion and protect gastric mucosa, reduce gastric acid secretion by using some drugs to inhibit gastric acid secretion, such as omeprazole, and reduce the continuous bleeding of ulcer.

matters needing attention

Of course, the best treatment for upper gastrointestinal bleeding is surgical incision. Generally speaking, if the amount of bleeding reaches more than 1000ml, it may be life-threatening. So for this kind of acute massive hemorrhage, the best method of course is surgical intervention. In addition, the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding is also being carried out, and the effect is good. I hope my answer can help you, I wish you health and happiness!