What are the complications of pyelonephritis?

summary

Pyelonephritis, also known as upper urinary tract infection, is a common infectious disease of urinary system. It often appears and occurs clinically due to the discovery or treatment not in time. What are the complications of pyelonephritis?.

What are the complications of pyelonephritis?

First: renal abscess and perirenal abscess. Hematogenous pyelonephritis is a local manifestation of systemic bacteremia or sepsis. Hematogenous pathogens spread to the renal interstitium and form a small abscess. If not treated in time, the small abscess will fuse and develop into a larger abscess. If the abscess penetrates the renal parenchyma, it can form perirenal abscess. If the abscess expands and destroys the whole kidney, it will become pyonephrosis. In addition to the symptoms of systemic sepsis, such as shivering, high fever and general discomfort, the patient had distending pain in the renal area and aggravated pain during palpation. If accompanied by urinary tract obstruction, the disease progressed faster.

Second: septicemia acute pyelonephritis complicated with urinary tract obstruction, when the urine flow is not smooth, the pathogens in the kidney can often spread into the blood circulation, forming sepsis, which is called urinary tract sepsis, exactly should be called nephrogenic sepsis. Most of them are caused by gram-negative bacilli, and their condition is serious. More than half of them have shock, which leads to acute renal failure.

Third: the simple acute pyelonephritis of acute renal failure complicated with acute renal failure is caused by blood borne infection. The pathogen is mostly Staphylococcus aureus, which is the local manifestation of systemic bacteremia or sepsis. In fact, it is a complication of acute sepsis. Septic shock or acute hypovolemia and endotoxin can cause acute renal failure.

matters needing attention

At present, it is considered that the original ischemia of renal medulla is the basis of the disease, and the recurrence of bacterial infection will lead to acute renal papillary necrosis (acute renal medullary necrosis). Its clinical characteristics are acute renal failure, gross hematuria, blood clots and necrotic papillary tissue can cause incomplete obstruction symptoms when excreted with urine. If it is bilateral lesions, it can cause acute renal failure.