What are the causes of cough with weight loss?
summary
Cough with weight loss is pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a pulmonary infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is one of the symptoms of diseases that seriously threaten human health. What are the causes of cough with weight loss? Let's talk about it now.
What are the causes of cough with weight loss?
A Mycobacterium belonging to the mycobacteriaceae of actinomycetes, in which human tuberculosis is mainly caused by human tuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis is rare. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an aerobic bacterium, which is not easy to stain. It can not be decolorized even by washing with acid alcohol after being dyed with fuchsin, so it is called acid fast bacilli; Microscopic examination showed that the slender slightly curved bacilli had strong resistance to the outside world, and could survive for more than 5 months in wet and shady places; But in the sun exposure for 2 hours, 5% - 12% cresol soap (Lysol) solution contact for 2-12 hours, 70% alcohol contact for 2 minutes or boiling for 1 minute can be killed. The most simple sterilization method is to directly incinerate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis with bacteria, the growth is slow. It takes 15-20 hours for the first generation to grow into visible colonies. Generally, it takes 4-6 weeks or at least 3 weeks
Mycobacterium tuberculosis wall is composed of high molecular weight fatty acid, lipid, protein and polysaccharide, which is related to its pathogenicity and immune response. In human body, lipid can cause monocyte, epithelioid cells and lymphocytes to infiltrate and form tuberculous nodules; Protein can cause allergic reaction, neutrophil and monocyte infiltration; The former two types (especially H37Rv) are the main pathogens of human tuberculosis. The morphology of human tuberculosis is similar to that of bovine tuberculosis, and they have strong pathogenicity to guinea pigs. However, the pathogenicity of human tuberculosis to rabbits is far stronger than that of bovine tuberculosis. Human tuberculosis can produce nicotinic acid, while bovine tuberculosis has more nicotinic acid tests Negative drinking of unsterilized cattle with bovine tuberculosis may cause intestinal tuberculosis infection
After the initial pulmonary infection (usually in children), the bacteria are carried by phagocytes to the hilar lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) and can spread throughout the body (occult bacteremia). At this time, if the body has low immunity, it may develop into primary progressive tuberculosis, but in adults (who have had mild tuberculosis infection or had been inoculated with BCG vaccine in childhood), the body has certain immunity, and then reinfection occurs Most of them did not cause local lymphadenopathy or systemic spread, but had severe tissue reaction in the reinfected area. The lesions were mostly exudative or even caseous necrosis and dissolved to form cavities.
matters needing attention
After entering the 1990s, tuberculosis, which had been under control, appeared a widespread epidemic trend in the world. The fight against tuberculosis has entered a new era. It is more difficult to treat drug-resistant tuberculosis, so it is very important to prevent tuberculosis. When you have unexplained low fever, emaciation, fatigue, cough, night sweats, and no other causes, you should quickly go to the hospital for examination and diagnosis. Under the guidance of specialists, regular, full course of medication, course of treatment should not be less than half a year, patients should have enough patience. Rest, adequate nutrition, proper outdoor activities, and enhancing systemic resistance are still the important conditions for overcoming diseases. It is very important to protect the health of family members and collective population, especially children.
