How to prevent fetal congenital malformation

summary

Fetal congenital malformation is the first cause of perinatal death. B-ultrasound examination at 18-24 weeks of gestation can detect some common fetal malformations. Timely monitoring of fetal malformations and induction of labor is one of the important means to improve the quality of birth population. The order of defect occurrence was anencephalia, hydrocephalus, open spina bifida, cleft palate, congenital heart disease, trisomy 21 syndrome, gastroschisis and encephalocele.

How to prevent fetal congenital malformation

1. Brain: it is the most common congenital malformation and the most serious one of neural tube defects. Female fetuses are four times more than male fetuses, with a "wow" face, short neck, no brain, only skull base or part of skull base tissue, and can not survive. Spina bifida: spinal canal is not completely closed, but also the most common neural tube malformation. Most of them occurred in the thoracolumbar segment. Divided into spinal canal defect, for invisible spina bifida; two spinal defects, for spinal meningocele; the formation of spinal cord part of the neural tube loss, known as spina bifida, at the same time with spina bifida. Invisible prenatal B-ultrasound is difficult to find, and large spina bifida is easy to find. Hydrocephalus: excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricle, often accompanied by spina bifida, varus and other deformities.

2. Congenital heart disease: single atrium and single ventricle is a serious congenital heart disease with hypoplasia and poor prognosis. Once diagnosed, induced labor fissure should be recommended: it also becomes visceral eversion, which is caused by one side of the abdominal wall full-thickness defect. B-ultrasound examination shows that fetal abdominal cavity is empty, gastrointestinal and other visceral organs float in the amniotic fluid, the surface is not covered by membrane. The overall prognosis of abdominal fissure is good, but with liver protrusion Yes, the death rate has increased.

3. In the first three months of pregnancy, a small dose of folic acid should be added until the third month or even the whole pregnancy period to prevent neural tube malformation. During pregnancy, especially the third month after pregnancy, avoid taking drugs that cause malformation and avoid contacting toxic and harmful substances. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. No smoking during pregnancy, stay away from passive smoking.

matters needing attention

In early pregnancy, some tests must be done by pregnant mothers, including teratogenic virus test. Most of the abnormal babies are related to the virus, so pregnant mothers must pay special attention to them.