How to detect renal insufficiency

summary

Renal insufficiency is caused by a variety of reasons, the glomerulus is seriously damaged, so that the body in the excretion of metabolic waste and regulation of water and electrolyte, acid-base balance and other aspects of the clinical syndrome disorder after group. Chronic renal insufficiency and acute renal insufficiency. Prognosis is serious, is a life-threatening major disease, below I will take you to see how to detect renal insufficiency.

How to detect renal insufficiency

First: blood routine examination. The urine osmotic pressure decreased, mostly below 450osm / kg, with low menstrual weight, mostly below 1.018, and was fixed between 1.010 and 1.012 in severe cases. During the urine concentration and dilution test, the nocturnal urine volume was greater than the daily urine volume, and the urine specific gravity of each time was more than 1.020. The difference between the highest and lowest urine specific gravity was less than 0.008.

Second: abdominal X-ray, intravenous pyelography, the purpose is to exclude whether there are stones, congenital malformations of urinary system, nephroptosis.

Third: urine bacteria examination, the examination method of nephritis is relatively simple, when the urine contains a large number of bacteria, because the urine sediment smear for Gram staining examination, 90% can find bacteria. The positive rate of examination results is high.

matters needing attention

To improve the intake of sodium and potassium in patients with renal insufficiency, the intake of salt should be limited. According to the specific situation, the blood potassium should be increased when the salt is low (3 g of salt or 10 ml of soy sauce per day) or no salt, and the urine volume is reduced (< 1000 ml / day). The food with high potassium content should be properly controlled.