Where does bladder cancer spread

summary

Everything used to be quite normal, but recently, it's very difficult to urinate. Sometimes I can't urinate, and I feel tingling. Recently, I have a dull pain in my stomach. After examination, I found that it's bladder cancer. Today, let me tell you where bladder cancer will spread.

Where does bladder cancer spread

First, lymphatic metastasis. Lymph node metastasis is the most important way of metastasis, mainly to pelvic lymph nodes, such as obturator, internal iliac, external iliac and common iliac lymph nodes, later can be transferred to parabronchial, hilar, mediastinal, supraclavicular, axillary and epigastric lymph nodes.

Second, mucosal dissemination. Cancer cells spread along the mucous membrane, which may invade the ureteral orifice, cause ipsilateral dilatation of the renal pelvis and ureter, and lead to hydronephrosis and even renal failure. Invasion of surrounding tissue can cause lumbosacral pain and rectal irritation.

Third, direct infiltration. About 50% of the patients with superficial muscle invasion had cancer cells in lymphatic vessels. Almost all of the patients with muscle invasion had cancer cells in lymph nodes. Most of the patients with bladder invasion had distant lymph node metastasis. Hematogenous metastasis. Hematogenous metastasis mainly occurs in the late stage of bladder cancer, mainly to liver, lung, bone, brain, kidney, spleen, skin and so on.

matters needing attention

A significant difference between bladder cancer and other cancers is that it is easy to relapse after operation. Perfusion chemotherapy can not play a good role in the treatment of other deep infiltrating lesions. For example, most patients undergoing bladder sparing surgery will relapse within two years.