What is the reason of puncture operation

summary

Puncture operation in life, many people have done this kind of operation, but many people do not understand, puncture is the puncture needle into the body cavity, extract secretions for testing, inject gas or contrast agent into the body cavity for contrast examination, or inject drugs into the body cavity of a diagnosis and treatment technology. The purpose is to draw blood for test, blood transfusion, infusion and catheter placement for angiography. Let's share some experience.

What is the reason of puncture operation

First: commonly used in infants. When the anterior fontanel is not closed or the coronal suture is enlarged, a lumbar puncture needle is used to penetrate the lateral angle of the anterior fontanel or the coronal suture into the subdural space to extract the subdural fluid from the traumatic chronic subdural hematoma and purulent meningitis, and then inject appropriate amount of antibiotics.

Second, it can be divided into three kinds: anterior angle puncture, lateral angle puncture and posterior angle puncture. The cranial cone was used to drill through the skull 2 cm behind the anterior hairline and 2.5 cm beside the midline, and then the lumbar puncture needle or ventricular drainage tube was used to penetrate into the anterior horn of lateral ventricle. When the brain pressure is too high, the patient is comatose, the pupil is open, the breathing is superficial, and the brain hernia is formed, a rapid intraventricular puncture is carried out to release the intraventricular fluid, and the brain hernia can be relieved immediately.

Third: ventricular pressure can also be measured, or connected to the drainage bottle for continuous ventricular drainage, take ventricular fluid test, can also be injected methylene blue, to understand the cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Air, oxygen and contrast agent can also be injected into the puncture needle to diagnose intracranial space occupying lesions and ventricular system obstruction. Those with iodine allergy should not take radiography. If the intraventricular fluid was discharged too much, it occasionally caused epidural and subdural hematoma.

matters needing attention

The common carotid artery or vertebral artery can be punctured and injected with contrast medium for cerebral angiography. The common carotid artery angiography can show the cerebral hemisphere vessels. Vertebral arteriography can show the infratentorial vessels.