Symptoms of growth hormone deficiency in children

summary

Children with growth hormone (GH) deficiency caused by short stature, known as growth hormone deficiency, also known as pituitary dwarfism. Short stature refers to that children's height is more than 2 standard deviations lower than the normal height of individuals of the same race, age and sex, or lower than the 3rd percentile of the growth curve of normal children in similar environment. Among many factors, GH plays an important role in height. Let me introduce the symptoms of growth hormone deficiency in children.

Symptoms of growth hormone deficiency in children

First, children with growth hormone deficiency, especially those without congenital cranial malformation, have normal body length and weight at birth, while those with GH insensitivity or GH receptor deficiency have lower birth length than normal. Severe GH deficiency, such as GHD gene deletion, can be significantly lower than the normal average value of - 4sd at 1 year old.

Second, some children with GH deficiency have a history of dystocia, asphyxia or fetal malposition at birth, especially in breech position and foot position. The body length was normal at birth, and the growth slowed down from 5 months after birth, especially at 1-2 years old. More than 2 years old. With the increase of age, the degree of growth slowness also increases, the body shape is more childish than the actual age, and the proportion of limbs and body is symmetrical. The appetite is low since childhood. Typical short, subcutaneous fat is relatively more, abdominal fat accumulation, round face, slightly prominent forehead, small jaw, normal upper and lower parts, symmetrical limbs, high pitched voice. The annual growth rate of height in school age was less than 4cm, and only 2-3cm in severe cases. The height deviation was below - 2sd. The intelligence of the children was normal. Tooth emergence, tooth change and bone age were delayed.

Third: the development of youth is mostly delayed. The patients with hypophysis and other gonadotropin deficiency were mostly lack of gonadotropin, manifested as no sexual development, boy's penis and testicle, girl's breast was not developed, primary amenorrhea; If ACTH deficiency is accompanied, skin pigmentation and severe hypoglycemia are common; Accompanied by thyroid stimulating hormone deficiency, it is manifested as hypothyroidism. Some cases were accompanied with polydipsia and polyuria, showing partial diabetes insipidus.

matters needing attention

1. At present, it is considered that the treatment of this disease is more difficult, but early treatment has better effect. 2. Drug therapy is mainly hormone therapy and supplement of trace elements. 3. Psychotherapy and diet therapy are important measures for the treatment of this disease.