Diet nursing of hypokalemia

summary

Hypokalemia can be caused by decreased potassium intake, but it is usually caused by excessive urinary potassium or gastrointestinal potassium loss. Abnormal gastrointestinal potassium loss occurs in chronic diarrhea and long-term abuse of laxatives or intestinal bypass. Other causes of gastrointestinal potassium loss include clay eating, vomiting and gastric aspiration. A rare case of villous adenocarcinoma of the colon can cause massive loss of potassium in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal potassium loss, due to metabolic alkalosis and volume loss, stimulates aldosterone secretion, and renal potassium loss. Now let's take a look at the diet nursing of hypokalemia.

Diet nursing of hypokalemia

The foods with high potassium content include fresh broad bean, malingshu, yam, spinach, amaranth, kelp, laver, black jujube, apricot, almond, walnut, peanut, green bean, soybean, mung bean, Mao bean, sheep waist, pig waist, etc. Potassium rich fruits include bananas, strawberries, oranges, grapes, grapefruit, watermelon, and all kinds of fruit juices.

Soybean is the highest in beans; spinach, potato, yam and lettuce are the highest in vegetables; orange is the highest in fruits. According to the determination, tea water contains 1.1% ~ 2.3% potassium, so tea water is the best summer drink.

The key to control low potassium is to supplement potassium. Clinically, 10% potassium chloride solution can be taken orally, but the safest and most effective way is to eat more potassium rich foods, especially fruits and vegetables. Potassium intake should not be excessive, otherwise it will cause the loss and shortage of sodium. Long term use of antibiotics, diuretics, salt intake is too high, must take more potassium.

matters needing attention

If hypokalemia is accompanied by metabolic alkalosis or there is no obvious change in acid-base state, KCl should be used. KCl is also suitable for hypokalemia caused by various reasons, because hypokalemia itself can cause chlorine deficiency. If hypokalemia is accompanied by acidosis, KHCO3 or potassium citrate can be used to correct hypokalemia and acidosis at the same time.