Symptoms of coronary heart disease

summary

Coronary heart disease is the abbreviation of coronary heart disease, which is the most common heart disease. It refers to the myocardial dysfunction and (or) organic lesions caused by coronary artery stenosis and insufficient blood supply, so it is also called ischemic cardiomyopathy. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a kind of heart disease caused by myocardial ischemia and hypoxia (angina pectoris) or myocardial necrosis (myocardial infarction) caused by coronary artery organic (atherosclerosis or dynamic vasospasm) stenosis or occlusion, also known as ischemic heart disease. There are mainly the following types.

Symptoms of coronary heart disease

Angina pectoris: it is characterized by a feeling of pressing and distension behind the sternum, accompanied by obvious anxiety, lasting for 3 to 5 minutes. It often radiates to the left arm, shoulder, mandible, throat, back, and can also radiate to the right arm. Sometimes it can involve these parts without affecting the posterior sternum. Exertion, emotional excitement, cold, satiety and other conditions that increase myocardial oxygen consumption are called exertional angina pectoris, Rest and nitroglycerin release. Sometimes angina pectoris is not typical, can be manifested as tight breath, syncope, weakness, belching, especially in the elderly. Stable angina pectoris refers to the exertional angina pectoris with onset of more than one month. Its location, frequency, severity, duration, the amount of labor inducing the onset, and the amount of nitroglycerin used to relieve pain are basically stable. Unstable angina pectoris refers to the increase in the frequency, duration and severity of the original stable angina pectoris, or the new onset of exertional angina pectoris (within one month), or the angina pectoris at rest. Unstable angina pectoris is the precursor of acute myocardial infarction, so once found, should immediately go to the hospital

Myocardial infarction type: about one week before infarction, there are often prodromal symptoms, such as angina pectoris at rest and slight physical activity, accompanied by obvious discomfort and fatigue. During the infarction, the symptoms were persistent severe compression, stuffy feeling, even knife like pain, located behind the sternum, with constant wave and the whole anterior chest, especially on the left side. Some patients can radiate downward along the ulnar side of the left arm, causing tingling sensation in the left wrist, palm and fingers. Some patients can radiate to the upper limb, shoulder, neck and mandible, mainly on the left side. The site of pain was the same as that of previous angina pectoris, but it lasted longer and the pain was more severe. Rest and nitroglycerin could not relieve the pain. Sometimes the performance of abdominal pain, easily confused with abdominal disease. Accompanied by low fever, restlessness, sweating and cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, extreme fatigue, dyspnea, sense of imminent death, lasting more than 30 minutes, often up to several hours. If you find this situation, you should see a doctor immediately.

Asymptomatic myocardial ischemic type: many patients have extensive coronary artery occlusion, but do not feel angina pectoris, and even some patients do not feel angina pectoris during myocardial infarction. Some patients had sudden cardiac death and were found to have myocardial infarction during routine physical examination. Some patients had arrhythmia due to ischemia in ECG or coronary angiography due to positive exercise test. This kind of patients have the same chance of sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction as patients with angina pectoris, so we should pay attention to the usual heart health care.

matters needing attention

Heart failure and arrhythmia type: some patients had angina pectoris attack, and later due to extensive pathological changes, extensive myocardial fibrosis, angina pectoris gradually reduced to disappear, but there were manifestations of heart failure, such as tight breath, edema, fatigue, and various arrhythmias, manifested as palpitations. Some patients never had angina pectoris, The direct manifestations are heart failure and arrhythmia.