Why hemolysis occurs in newborns

summary

Hemolysis is very common in today's society, and there are many reasons for hemolysis. Congenital factors and some behaviors of pregnant women may lead to hemolysis. Further research will help the treatment of the disease, let's talk about why hemolysis occurs in newborns.

Why hemolysis occurs in newborns

First, Rh blood group incompatibility and ABO blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus are the main causes of hemolytic disease of the newborn. The blood type of the fetus is determined by both parents. If the fetal blood group antigen inherited from the father is not possessed by the mother, the fetal red blood cells will make the mother produce corresponding antibodies after entering the mother, and these antibodies will enter the fetal body through the placenta, resulting in the immune reaction of antigen and antibody and hemolysis.

Second: the jaundice of children with hemolytic disease of the newborn appears early, most of the hemolysis of Rh blood group incompatibility appear obvious yellow skin within 24 hours after birth, and quickly aggravate. In ABO incompatible hemolysis, 40% jaundice occurred within 24 hours after birth, 50% within 24-48 hours, and 10% after 48 hours. In addition to neonatal jaundice, hemolytic disease of the newborn is characterized by rapid rise of serum bilirubin level in a short time.

Third: when the neonatal jaundice appears and after jaundice subsides, there may be varying degrees of anemia. It is mainly due to the destruction of a large number of red blood cells when hemolysis occurs. RH hemolysis may be accompanied by severe anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and heart failure in severe cases. About 1 / 3 of ABO hemolysis appeared anemia. Fetal edema was more common in severe RH hemolysis, manifested as systemic edema, pallor, skin ecchymosis, pleural effusion, ascites, heart failure and respiratory distress at birth. Serious cases can be life-threatening.

matters needing attention

Hemolysis is a serious phenomenon, which may affect the life safety of newborns. Heart failure, anemia and other phenomena are particularly common. In order to avoid the occurrence of hemolysis, pregnant women during pregnancy should often do pregnancy test, so that they are responsible for themselves and their children.