The treatment of autoimmune encephalitis?

summary

Autoimmune encephalitis refers to encephalitis mediated by autoimmune mechanism, which is a rare clinical disease. A series of autoantibodies against the surface of neurons or synaptic proteins can be detected in patients. So from the treatment of encephalitis?

The treatment of autoimmune encephalitis?

Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of abnormal immune function. We should control its immune function and adverse immune reaction in the treatment. There are two ways to control the adverse immune reaction of human body, one is the treatment of gamma globulin, the other is hormone treatment, and some patients can also use plasma exchange, which are the treatment methods to change our own adverse immune function.

The pathogenesis is that the human immune system is disordered and the nerve cells in brain tissue are mistakenly attacked as foreign bodies. There are different protein components in each kind of nerve cells, and autoantibodies can be produced for each protein component. Different kinds of nerve cells produce different antibodies, which lead to different clinical manifestations. Clinically, autoimmune encephalitis can be treated as viral encephalitis, and its clinical symptoms are similar to viral encephalitis, including mental and behavioral abnormalities, swallowing problems caused by cranial nerve damage, speaking problems, vision ghosting or weakness of hands and feet, seizures, limb convulsions, etc.

The treatment of autoimmune encephalitis should be given comprehensive treatment. The first and most important treatment is immunotherapy, including adrenocortical hormone, immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. If necessary, cyclophosphamide and rituximab can be used for treatment. If the tumor is found, it should be actively treated by surgery or radiotherapy and chemotherapy. For the symptoms of epilepsy, we should use some antiepileptic drugs, and pay attention to the adverse reactions of antiepileptic drugs. For the control of mental symptoms, mainly some antipsychotic drugs. At the same time, for other clinical manifestations, give active symptomatic support treatment, also need rehabilitation treatment when necessary, reduce the probability of sequelae.

matters needing attention

For the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis, we need to make a comprehensive diagnosis through clinical manifestations and laboratory examination. The clinical manifestations mainly include the following symptoms and signs, such as memory loss, behavioral abnormalities, seizures, symptoms of diffuse brain injury, and mental disorders. Auxiliary examination, need to pass the cerebrospinal fluid examination, mainly for leukocytosis, or cerebrospinal fluid cells showed lymphocytic inflammation. At the same time, brain MRI can have abnormal signal focus, abnormal EEG. The diagnosis should be confirmed by positive autoantibodies against neuron surface antigen.