What causes acne

summary

Acne has a variety of pathogenic factors, its pathogenesis is not very clear. Endocrine factors, the role of sebum, hair follicle microorganisms are the main factors of acne. What causes acne to tell you.

What causes acne

First, acne is closely related to sexual endocrine. It seldom occurs before puberty. People with loss or decline of sexual function, such as eunuchs castrated in ancient palaces, do not suffer from acne. People with decreased sexual function, such as testosterone, can promote the growth of beard and the occurrence of acne. When treating diseases with corticosteroids or corticosteroids, acne rash is often caused. Women often get acne rash before menstruation There was an acne attack. The symptoms of acne during pregnancy were relieved. Both men and women have androgens and estrogens. The organs that secrete sex hormones are testis and adrenal gland in men and ovary, placenta and adrenal gland in women. There are different ratios of androgen and estrogen in men and women. The change of the ratio may cause acne.

Second, the development of sebaceous glands and the secretion of sebaceous glands are also related to the increase of androgen, among which testosterone plays the most important role in increasing the activity of sebaceous glands. Progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) in adrenal cortex also participate in the role, and the latter may play an important role in the early stage of acne. Testosterone in the skin by 5 - α reductase into a higher activity of 5 - α dihydrotestosterone, stimulate sebaceous gland cell turnover and lipid synthesis, resulting in increased sebum secretion, produce thick and more sebum, can not be completely excreted, gradually accumulated in the hair follicle mouth, at the same time, the hair follicle duct also due to androgen effect and excessive keratinization, hair follicle wall hypertrophy, prevent sebum excretion, hair follicle The epithelial cells on the wall increased and mixed with thick sebum to form caseous substance, which was tied in the mouth of hair follicle to form acne. Later, the top exposed outside the mouth of hair follicle gradually dried. After the oxidation of air, melanin deposition and dust pollution, it changed color to form blackhead acne.

Third: Corynebacterium acnes, Staphylococcus albus and pityriasis ovale exist in hair follicles, especially Corynebacterium acnes contains esterase which can decompose sebum. Sebum in hair follicles is decomposed by lipase and produces more free fatty acids. These free fatty acids can cause non-specific inflammatory reactions in hair follicles and around hair follicles. When there is minimal ulcer and free fatty acids in the acne wall, there is no special inflammatory reaction After fatty acids enter the nearby dermis, together with blackhead and acne, they squeeze the nearby cells, making them less antibacterial and susceptible to bacterial infection, causing inflammation. As a result, the patient develops papules, pustules, nodules, and abscesses.

matters needing attention

In recent years, some people think that the disease is related to immunity. In the humoral immunity of the patients, the serum IgG level increases, and increases with the aggravation of the disease. Corynebacterium acnes produces antibodies in the body of patients, and circulating antibodies reach the local area, which is involved in the pathogenic process of early inflammation.