Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment?

summary

Allergic rhinitis, or allergic rhinitis, refers to the non infectious inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa, which is mainly caused by the release of IgE mediated mediators (mainly histamine) and involves a variety of immunocompetent cells and cytokines after the contact of atopic individuals with allergens. Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment? Next, I'd like to share my views with you.

Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment?

First: antihistamines oral or nasal second generation or new H1 antihistamines can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose. Suitable for mild intermittent and mild persistent allergic rhinitis, combined with nasal glucocorticoid in the treatment of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.

Second: glucocorticoid nasal glucocorticoid, can effectively relieve nasal congestion, runny nose and sneezing and other symptoms. Oral glucocorticoid can be used for short-term treatment in critically ill patients who have no response to other drugs or can not tolerate nasal drugs. Chromones have a certain effect on relieving nasal symptoms, and eye drops are effective on relieving eye symptoms.

Third: immunotherapy induces clinical and immune tolerance, has long-term effect, and can prevent the development of allergic diseases. Allergen specific immunotherapy is commonly used by subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration. The course of treatment is divided into dose accumulation stage and dose maintenance stage. The total course of treatment is no less than 2 years. Standardized allergen vaccine should be used.

matters needing attention

(1) Reduce the number of indoor dust mites; Maintain the relative humidity of living space below 60%, but if it is too low (such as less than 30% - 40%), it will cause discomfort; Carpet cleaning; Cleaning bedding, curtains, mite allergens dissolved in water, washing textiles can remove most of the allergens; Use air purifier with filter screen, vacuum cleaner, etc（ 2) The allergens should be avoided according to the season of pollen sensitization（ 3) Patients allergic to animal fur avoid allergens.