Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment?

summary

Allergic rhinitis, or allergic rhinitis, refers to the non infectious inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa, which is mainly caused by the release of IgE mediated mediators (mainly histamine) and involves a variety of immunocompetent cells and cytokines after the contact of atopic individuals with allergens. There are three necessary conditions for its occurrence: specific antigen is the substance that causes the body's immune response; Atopic individuals are the so-called individual differences and allergic constitution; The specific antigen meets the atopic individuals. Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem, which can lead to many diseases and labor loss. Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment? Let's talk about it

Allergic rhinitis symptoms and treatment?

1. Sneezing: paroxysmal attack several times a day, more than 3 times a time, mostly in the morning or at night or immediately after contact with allergens. 2. Clear nose: a large amount of clear water like nasal mucus, sometimes unconsciously dripping from the nostril. 3. Nasal obstruction: intermittent or continuous, unilateral or bilateral, varying degrees. 4. Nasal itching: most patients have nasal itching, while pollinosis patients may have eye itching, ear itching and throat itching.

Drug treatment: (1) oral antihistamines or nasal second-generation or new H1 antihistamines can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose. Suitable for mild intermittent and mild persistent allergic rhinitis, combined with nasal glucocorticoid in the treatment of moderate to severe allergic rhinitis（ 2) Glucocorticoid nasal glucocorticoid can effectively relieve nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing and other symptoms. Oral glucocorticoid can be used for short-term treatment in critically ill patients who have no response to other drugs or can not tolerate nasal drugs.

3. Immunotherapy: immunotherapy induces clinical and immune tolerance, has long-term effect, and can prevent the development of allergic diseases. Allergen specific immunotherapy is commonly used by subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration. The course of treatment is divided into dose accumulation stage and dose maintenance stage. The total course of treatment is no less than 2 years. Standardized allergen vaccine should be used.

matters needing attention

1. Close the windows of the car or room in the season with more pollen or dust; 2. Remove allergens, including pets, cigarettes, and even suspicious plants or furniture; 3. Use air conditioner with air cleaning and filtering function to remove pollen (but dust may not be filtered); 4. The temperature regulator can be used to reduce the indoor humidity, and it is better to reduce the air humidity below 50%. 5. Repair the damp basement, air vent and bathroom, and remove the flowers and plants on the indoor or balcony; 6. Keep the room clean and dust-free to reduce allergens, and use a vacuum cleaner to clean it regularly;