Postoperative symptoms of bladder cancer with liver metastasis
summary
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of urinary system, and also one of the ten most common tumors in the whole body. The incidence rate of urogenital tumors is the highest in China, and the incidence rate is only second in the West. In 2012, the incidence rate of bladder cancer in the National Cancer Registry area was 6.61/10 million, ranking ninth in the incidence rate of malignant tumors. Bladder cancer can occur at any age, even in children. Now let's share the postoperative symptoms of bladder cancer with liver metastasis
Postoperative symptoms of bladder cancer with liver metastasis
First: hematuria: hematuria is the first symptom of bladder cancer. Hematuria can be macroscopic or microscopic. Female symptoms account for 94%. Hematuria is mostly painless, intermittent, whole course, sometimes accompanied by blood clots. The diversity of hematuria can easily lead to misdiagnosis. For example, intermittent hematuria is often considered as the disappearance of the disease when hematuria stops, and further treatment is needed in time. In addition, the amount of hematuria and the duration of hematuria are related to the malignant degree, size, range and number of tumors.
Second: urinary tract irritation: urinary tract irritation symptoms appear less in early bladder cancer, when accompanied by urinary tract infection or tumor occurs in the bladder triangle can appear earlier. In addition, bladder irritation symptoms also reveal the possibility of bladder carcinoma in situ. Therefore, patients with bladder irritation who lack the evidence of infection should be actively examined for early diagnosis.
Third: * other: if the tumor is larger, or the tumor occurs in the neck of the bladder or after the formation of blood clots, obstruction of the urethra may cause dysuria, urinary retention, etc. When the cancer metastases or invades the rectum, symptoms such as urgent, frequent and sparse stool may appear; The corresponding symptoms appeared when it was transferred to liver, lung and bone; The tumor grows in one side of the ureteral orifice, causing ureteral infiltration, which can cause unilateral ureteral dilatation and hydronephrosis; Anemia, emaciation and other cachexia symptoms may appear in the late stage of the disease, and some cases are treated with metastatic symptoms as the first symptom.
matters needing attention
Postoperative nursing should pay attention to: (1) after total resection of bladder cancer, because the surgical wound is large, there may be more bleeding. The vital signs should be strictly observed to ensure smooth blood transfusion（ 2) The color of the drainage fluid should be closely observed after 1-3 days of routine irrigation. According to the color change of the drainage fluid, the speed of irrigation should be adjusted in time to prevent blood clots from blocking the catheter（ 3) Six hours after the resection of bladder tumor, the patient can eat, mainly rich in nutrition, crude fiber diet, avoid spicy stimulating food, prevent constipation（ 4) After total cystectomy, gastrointestinal decompression should be continued, and the nature, color and quantity of gastric juice should be closely observed and recorded（ 5) After ileal bladder operation, we should closely observe the blood supply of urinary stoma and find the complications of urinary stoma in time. Keep wound and stoma dressing clean and dry（ 6) Prevention of infection: measure the temperature and white blood cells regularly to observe whether there is infection. Keep the skin around the stoma clean and dry, turn over regularly, knock on the back and expectorate sputum. If the sputum is thick, spray inhalation and appropriate activities can prevent infection（ 7) Traditional Chinese medicine conditioning: to patients with anti-tumor and immunomodulatory drugs, such as xiacao, ginsenoside Rh2 (humentin), the best absorption content of the human body is more than 16%. These two kinds of traditional Chinese medicine also have immunomodulatory function. In view of the recurrence and slow recovery of patients with bladder cancer after operation, they can play a very good role in accelerating the recovery of the patient's immune system, Reduce the recurrence rate.
