What are the early symptoms of nephrotic syndrome

summary

My child suffered from minimal change nephropathy when he was young, and later developed into nephrotic syndrome. The child's health has not been very good. After finding the abnormality, he quickly carried out treatment to ensure the effect of treatment. Let's take a look at the early symptoms of nephrotic syndrome.

What are the early symptoms of nephrotic syndrome

Symptom 1: massive proteinuria is the most important clinical manifestation of NS patients and the most basic pathophysiological mechanism of nephrotic syndrome. Massive proteinuria refers to adult urinary protein excretion > 3.5g/d. Under normal physiological conditions, the glomerular filtration membrane has molecular barrier and charge barrier, resulting in the increase of protein content in the original urine. When it far exceeds the amount of proximal convoluted tubule resorption, it forms a large amount of proteinuria, which is easy to be detected by regular diagnosis.

Symptom 2: hypoproteinemia, plasma albumin decreased to < 30g / L. In NS, a large amount of albumin is lost from urine, which promotes the compensatory synthesis of albumin in liver and the increase of renal tubular decomposition. Hypoalbuminemia occurs when the increase of albumin synthesis in liver is insufficient to overcome the loss and decomposition. In addition, NS patients due to gastrointestinal mucosal edema lead to decreased diet, insufficient protein intake, malabsorption or loss, which is also the main factor for many patients to aggravate hypoalbuminemia.

Symptom 3: hypoalbuminemia, decrease of plasma colloid osmotic pressure and water entering tissue space from vascular cavity are the basic causes of NS edema. In recent years, studies have shown that about 50% of patients have normal or increased blood volume and normal or decreased plasma renin levels, suggesting that some of the factors that are involved in renal edema and water retention play a role in the pathogenesis of NS * edema.

matters needing attention

Patients with severe edema or hypertension need to rest in bed. Activities can be arranged according to the condition, which is helpful to promote the recovery of the disease. At the same time, the diet should be light, the intake of fat and salt should be limited, and vitamins should be supplemented for the body.