Common symptoms of penicillin allergy?

summary

Penicillin belongs to β- Lactam antibiotics have significant curative effect and wide application. However, penicillin is easy to cause adverse drug reactions. 1% - 10% of the population are allergic to penicillin. Allergic reactions can occur at any age, dosage form, dosage and route of administration. Severe anaphylactic shock can be life-threatening. Common symptoms of penicillin allergy? Next, I'd like to share my views with you.

Common symptoms of penicillin allergy?

First: penicillin induced allergic reactions are also divided into four types. Type I reaction, also known as immediate type reaction, is related to specific IgE of penicillin degradation products. It is characterized by hypersensitivity, urticaria, vascular edema, pruritus, allergic rhinitis, asthma and laryngeal edema. Anaphylactic shock is the most serious, sometimes the patient can be quickly exposed to a small amount of skin test fluid, the mortality rate is 10% - 20%.

Second, type II reaction is mediated by specific IgG and IgM, and hemolytic anemia can occur after using large dose of penicillin. Type III reaction is related to BPO specific antibody. The serum disease-like syndrome appeared in the treatment of penicillin (especially long-acting penicillin),

Third: urticaria or other types of rash, fever, joint pain and systemic lymphadenopathy. Type IV reaction is contact dermatitis (no longer used externally, it is rare). However, the mechanism of ADR induced by ampicillin is not allergic reaction, which is manifested as eruptive drug eruption, with an incidence of about 10%.

matters needing attention

(1) Before injection of penicillin without allergic history, skin test should be avoided for those with known allergy（ 2) The allergy test must be done again when penicillin treatment is stopped for more than three days (72 hours)（ 3) During the use of penicillin, if the batch number of the drug is changed, the allergy test should be repeated before the use of penicillin.