What should be paid attention to before and after the operation of tracheal diverticulum?

summary

Tracheal diverticulum is a kind of cystic disease caused by various reasons, mainly involving the trachea and main bronchitis, protruding outside the trachea and bronchial cavity. It is mainly to see if there are symptoms of cough, expectoration and chest pain. There are two kinds of congenital and acquired. For those with mild symptoms, it is mainly conservative treatment, and those with severe symptoms need surgical treatment.

What should be paid attention to before and after the operation of tracheal diverticulum?

Tracheal diverticulum originated from the posterior wall of trachea with incomplete cartilage ring. Tracheal diverticulum may be congenital or acquired; It is generally located on the right side of the trachea, because there is esophageal support on the left side of the trachea. The overall incidence rate of tracheal diverticulum is about 1% from autopsy. Recent imaging studies show that the incidence rate of tracheal diverticulum is as high as 2%-3.7%.

Congenital tracheobronchial diverticulum is very rare in men. It usually presents as a small, narrow, bag like structure consisting of various layers of the trachea (airway epithelium, smooth muscle and cartilage). Diverticulum is usually 4-5cm below the glottis. The occurrence of tracheal diverticulum is usually the herniation of mucous membrane through congenital defect or developmental deformity of tracheal muscular layer.

Acquired tracheal diverticulum is caused by chronic increase of endotracheal pressure or injury of tracheal wall. Tracheal diverticulum is also one of the complications after tracheoesophageal fistula repair. Acquired trachea diverticulum is only composed of trachea mucosa, while congenital trachea diverticulum is usually large and wide neck. Tracheal diverticulum can exist at any level, but it is more common at the junction of thoracic cavity and extrathoracic cavity.

matters needing attention

Most tracheal diverticula are asymptomatic and occasionally found; In some cases, the accumulation of respiratory secretions can lead to the recurrence of infection and cough. Compression of the vagus nerve can also cause coughing, and it has been reported that compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause dyspnea. Finally, tracheal diverticulum may be a potential cause of difficult tracheal intubation.